Reflex® Performance in cotton weed control systems H.S. Mclean,* E.W. Palmer, J.C. Holloway Jr., S.H. Martin, B.D. Black, B.W. Minton, T.H. Beckett, and D.J. Porter. Syngenta Crop Protection, Greensboro, NC

Objective Review of available data on the performance, tolerance, and regulatory profile of fomesafen in cotton.

Background: Prior to 2006 “Risk cup” would not support registration in cotton Registration in cotton and other crops could not proceed Minimal interest in preemergence cotton herbicides Primary use postemergence in soybean Present Reassessment of fomesafen toxicology and subsequent favorable toxicology reclassification provided room in the risk cup to expand crop uses Reflex cotton registration in 2006 Growing problems with glyphosate resistant weeds Changing agronomic practices in cotton

Reflex Cotton Use Directions Preemergence 0.25 – 0.375 # ai/A Coarse soils only Sandy loam, loamy sand, sandy clay loam Rainfall within 7 days of application Maximum of 0.375# ai/A/year

Reflex Cotton Use Directions Preemergence 0.25 – 0.375 # ai/A Weeds Controlled or Partially Controlled: Cocklebur Common ragweed Eclipta Lambsquarters Morningglory species Pigweed species Prickly sida Spurred anoda Wild poinsettia Yellow nutsedge

Reflex Cotton Use Directions Post Directed 0.25 – 0.375 # ai/A All soil types Precision directed, hooded, shielded Plus NIS or COC Do not apply with liquid nitrogen Timing 6” cotton through layby All non-bark parts of the cotton plant are susceptible Minimum 4” bark on stem for post directed Maximum of 0.375# ai/year

Reflex Cotton Use Directions Weeds Controlled Post-directed 0. 25 to 0 Reflex Cotton Use Directions Weeds Controlled Post-directed 0.25 to 0.375# ai/A Carpetweed Citron Copperleaf, hophornbeam Copperleaf, Virginia Crotalaria, showy Croton, tropic Cucumber, volunteer Eclipta Groundcherry, cutleaf Jimsonweed Ladysthumb Lambsquarters, common Morningglory spp. Mustard, wild Nightshade, black Pigweed spp. Purslane, common Ragweed, common Sesbania, hemp Smartweed, Pennsylvania Starbur, Bristly Venice Mallow Witchweed Yellow Rocket

Rotational Restrictions Crop Months Dry beans, snap beans, soybean, cotton 0 Small grains – wheat, barley, rye 4 Corn, peanut, pea, rice 10 All other crops 18

Cotton Tolerance Reflex preemergence alone 0 to 24 DAT

Cotton Tolerance Reflex preemergence alone 24 to 45 DAT

Palmer Amaranth (AMAPA) Reflex preemergence alone 24 to 45 DAT

Prowl® + Cotoran® Fb/ RU + Dual Magnum®

Prowl + Reflex Fb/ RU + Dual Magnum

Preemergence Control of Glyphosate Resistant Palmer Amaranth University of Georgia, Stanley Culpepper, Macon Co, GA

Redroot Pigweed (AMARE) Reflex preemergence alone 24 to 45 DAT

Yellow Nutsedge (CYPES) Reflex preemergence alone 24 to 45 DAT

Conclusions In cotton preemergence: Provides outstanding residual control of glyphosate resistant palmer pigweed and other troublesome broadleaf weeds in cotton Is not a stand alone herbicide program and must be used as part of a complete herbicide program Is dependent on rainfall or irrigation for activation More data is needed to expand weeds controlled

Future Research Can the use of fomesafen preemergence be expanded to other soil types: Conservation tillage Early preplant application Expand spectrum of weeds controlled preemergence

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