CONFLICT AND CHANGE Rebuilding Japan-Post WWII; Standard: SS7H3.c ASIA CONFLICT AND CHANGE Rebuilding Japan-Post WWII; Standard: SS7H3.c

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS Standard: SS7H3 – The student will analyze continuity and change in Southern and Eastern Asia leading to the 21st century. c. Explain the role of the United States in the rebuilding of Japan after World War II.

FIRST FIVE Agenda Message: Fill-out Study Guides for Quiz Friday. Standard: Analyze continuity and change in S&EA leading to the 21st century as it relates to the re-building of post-war Japan. Explain the United States role in the rebuilding of Japan after World War II. Essential Question for Thursday, 3/29/18: What is the MacArthur Constitution? Warm-up: Who was Ho Chi Mihn? Today We Will: Finish history of Communist China History of U.S. Helping to Rebuild Japan after WWII

answers E.Q. Answer for Thursday 3/29/18: The current Japanese Constitution is still called the MacArthur Constitution in respect for U.S. Army General Douglas MacArthur who was mainly responsible for writing it. Warm-up Answer: The leader of Vietnam’s independence from France and the USA.

FIRST FIVE Agenda Message: Quiz for today has been postponed until the week after Spring Break. Standard: Analyze continuity and change in S&EA leading to the 21st century as it relates to the re-building of post-war Japan. Explain the United States role in the rebuilding of Japan after World War II. Essential Question for Friday, 3/30/18: What role did the U.S. play in rebuilding Japan after WWII? Warm-up: What was the goal of Communism? Today We Will: History of the U.S. Rebuilding Japan after WWII Answers for Study Guide

ANSWERS E.Q. Answer for Friday March 30th: In an effort to restore Japan to a striving country, the U.S. occupied Japan from 1945-1952. U.S. Army General Douglas MacArthur was sent to oversee the rebuilding effort. Gen. MacArthur helped Japan establish a Constitutional Monarchy and write a constitution that is considered to be one of the most democratic documents in the world. Warm-Up Answer: To create a classless society where everyone was equal.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS JAPAN (How the U.S. participated in rebuilding Japan after WWII.) After Japan’s surrender in September of 1945 signaling the end of WWII, the country was reduced to rubble.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS Japan was the first (and only country to date) to have ever experienced the horror of having atomic bombs used against it. Although the use of these weapons brought about a quick end to Japan’s fighting, it came at a terrible cost. Industries and farms were destroyed, the government was in shambles, the people were demoralized, and the Emperor had been exposed as an ordinary human being rather than the god the Japanese people had believed him to be.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS The American commander of the occupation forces was U.S. Army General Douglas MacArthur. He was given the job of putting Japan back on its feet, in a way that would guarantee that Japan would not pose a military threat to other countries in the future.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS General MacArthur wanted Japan to have a democratic government, but he also appreciated the important place the Japanese Emperor occupied in Japanese culture. He decided that Japan would be a Constitutional Monarchy.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS He wrote a constitution for the country, still referred to as the MacArthur Constitution that created a two-house parliament called the Diet. The Emperor remained as a symbol of the country.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS The Japanese people were granted universal suffrage, meaning that everyone over the age of 20 was allowed to vote for members of the Diet. The new constitution designed by MacArthur contained a Bill of Rights (similar to the U.S. Constitution) that guaranteed basic freedoms.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS One clause of the constitution prevents Japan from declaring war on another country. They are allowed to fight only if they are attacked first. The Japanese signed all peace treaties ending the war and pledged to pay war reparations (damages) to the countries they had harmed during WW II.

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS American armed forces were allowed to remain in Japan, and the Japanese were not permitted to rebuild their military in any major way. MacArthur Constitution Summary Constitutional Monarchy Two-house Parliament (the Diet) Emperor remained as a symbol of Japan Universal Suffrage guaranteed that everyone could vote over the age of 20 (Men & women) Guaranteed basic freedoms to the people Prevents Japan from declaring war on another country

ASIA HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDINGS Key Terms, Names, & Phrases General Douglas MacArthur Constitutional Monarchy MacArthur Constitution Diet Universal Suffrage