Lipids: Fats & Oils 2003-2004

Concentrated energy molecules Lipids Concentrated energy molecules 2003-2004

Lipids Examples fats oils waxes hormones testosterone (male) estrogen (female) 2003-2004

Lipids Function: energy storage cell membrane cushions organs very concentrated twice the energy as carbohydrates! cell membrane cushions organs insulates body think whale blubber! 2003-2004

Structure of Fat not a chain (polymer) = just a “big fat molecule” 2003-2004

Lipids Large, nonpolar organic molecules Do not dissolve in water Have a higher ratio of carbon and hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms than the carbohydrates 1:2:1 Store more energy in carbon-hydrogen bonds 2003-2004

Lipids Most lipids are made of Fatty Acids = unbranched carbon chains Two Types of fatty acids… 2003-2004

Saturated fats (single bonds) Most animal fats solid at room temperature Limit the amount in your diet contributes to heart disease deposits in arteries 2003-2004

Unsaturated fats (double bond(s)) Plant, vegetable & fish fats liquid at room temperature the fat molecules don’t stack tightly together Better choice in your diet 2003-2004

Saturated vs. Unsaturated  2003-2004

Triglycerides Phospholipids Waxes Steroids Classes of Lipids: 2003-2004

Triglycerides: Three fatty acids and one glycerol Butter, Fat in red meat, In plant seeds… 2003-2004

Phospholipids: Two fatty acids + a glycerol Create lipid bilayers 2003-2004

Waxes & Steroids Cholesterol Lipids 2003-2004