Medieval Church
Warm Up Questions Pg. 227-230 What role did monks and nuns play in preserving ancient culture? What advantages did convents provide for women? Who was more powerful the pope or king?
Answer #1 Protected ancient works, copied manuscripts, and added to ancient learning
A chance for education and power Answer #2 A chance for education and power
Answer #3 The pope
Warm Up Questions (pg 229-230) What problem came from the Church’s success? Why did persecution of the Jews increase in the late 1000s? What is anti-Semitism?
Answers #1: Discipline within the Church weakened. Some of the people of the church became to powerful and rich #2: Christians blamed the Jews for famine and disease. Christians blamed the Jews for Jesus death. #3: Prejudice against people of the Jewish faith
Medieval Church Who is more powerful, the pope or the king? Why? What gave the church political and economic power? What gave the church spiritual power authority and how did that lead to political power? What problems stemmed from the churches success? In what ways did the church act like a government?
What gave the church political and economic power? Who is more powerful, the pope or the king? Why? The pope because they claimed papal supremacy. This gave the pope authority over kings, emperors and secular rulers. What gave the church political and economic power? Economic = land holdings and estates Political = own armies, educated church officials served in the courts
What gave the church spiritual power authority and how did that lead to political power? Breaking the church’s moral laws, or canon law, could lead to excommunication. Rulers feared going to hell if they were excommunicated and people wouldn’t give allegiance to such a ruler in fear of their own souls
What problems stemmed from the churches success? Discipline weakened, corruption set in Monks and nuns began to ignore their vows of poverty Priests focused more on family than religious duties (at time could be married) Some clergy lived in luxury In what ways did the church act like a government? It was a hierarchy, held lands, held laws, ruled the courts. The educated were also church officials.
REFORMS OF THE CHURCH Churches Limit secular influence Monks and Friars Limit secular influence Church alone picks church officials (bishops) Outlawed marriages for priests No more simony-selling of church offices -revived Benedictine Rule of obedience, poverty and chastity -Refused to allow nobles and bishops interfere in monastery affairs -placed under direct protection of the pope -Friars (monks who were not isolated) traveled around and preached official Christian beliefs to villages
Anti-Semitism
Prejudice against people of the Jewish faith What is anti-Semitism? Prejudice against people of the Jewish faith
Jews in Medieval Europe In the Middle Ages communities existed all over Europe. Jews flourished in present-day Spain, where Muslims were both tolerant of Jews and Christians Spain became the center of Jewish culture In other parts of Europe Jews and Christians lived side by side in peace for centuries.
The Late 1000s By the late 1000s, Western Europe had become more Christianized and prejudice against Jews increased. Christians often blamed Jews for diseases and famine As the Church grew in power it issued orders forbidding Jews to own land or practice most occupations.
Patterns of Discrimination IN 1215, THE POPE issues a decree that Jews must wear special marks on their dress to distinguish them more clearly from Christians. The Church wants to prevent Christians from unknowingly associating with Jews. These discriminating dress marks differ from place to place: sometimes Jews have to wear a yellow or red badge on their dress, sometimes a pointed hat, the so-called "Jew hat." Not only dress marks are used to separate Jews from Christians. More and more, Jews are forced to live together in isolation, in ghettos closed off by walls. As ghettos are usually not allowed to extend, they become increasingly crowded.
Continued The most far-reaching act of discrimination concerns an even more basic right: Jews do not receive permission for permanent residence in towns and villages. As they have been forced more and more into trade, peddling and money lending, Jews are admitted to towns for limited periods only when economic development demands more trade and credit. They have to pay extra taxes. When the economic situation changes or local merchants have fallen too deeply into debts, the permits are not extended. Often, Jews are simply expelled.