Native Americans How long have people been here?

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Presentation transcript:

Native Americans How long have people been here? Scientists are not completely sure, but most say between 12,000 and 30,000 years ago. How did they get here? Beringia Due to global cooling, a land bridge was revealed between Asia and North America about 12,000 years ago. So much water was trapped in glaciers that ocean levels dropped. People migrated from Asia. Some came by boat and others over the land bridge.

Who were they? What is a civilization? 1. Olmec- 1200 B.C. 2. Maya- 250 A.D. to present 3. Hohokam and Anasazi in the Southwest 4. Mound Builders in Southeast and Midwest What is a civilization?

Olmec and Maya The Olmec: 1200 BC to 400 BC Built pyramids, large cities Disappeared The Maya: In Southern Mexico and Guatemala 250 AD to present Written language with picture symbols Number system with 0 Astronomy/calendars Surgery?

Hohokam and the Anasazi The Hohokam: Lived in present day Arizona 300 BC to 1400 AD Used irrigation Planted corn, beans, squash Hunted and gathered Mesa Verde Cliff Dwellings The Anasazi: Lived in present day four-corners area 100 AD to 1300 AD Farmers Traded Build large cliff dwellings, pueblos

Adobe/ Pueblos Petroglyphs

Cliff Dwellers Kiva

Burial Mounds Mound Builders Hopewell 400 BC to 400 AD, Mississipians 800 AD to 1700s Grew corn, traded Tombs contained jewelry/gifts

How do we know about them? People study: 1. Language 2. Archaeology and artifacts 3. Theories about culture

Societies of North America Culture Areas 1. North a. Aleut b. Inuit 2. Northwest Coast 3. West a. Great Basin b. Plateau c. California 4. Southwest- The Pueblos a. Farming and religion b. Hunters 5. Great Plains 6. Southeast 7. Eastern Woodland a. House Builders b. League of Iroquois

Societies of West Africa A. Ghana- 700 A.D. 1. Trade in gold and salt 2. Army created Empire 3. Muslim influence B. Mali- 1200 A.D.- Mansa Musa C. Empire of Songhai- lack of technology led to its defeat

Societies of Europe A. Feudalism 1. Middle Ages 2. Manor system B. Growing middle class 1. Stability helps the economy grow 2. Merchants and craftspeople move to cities C. Trade 1. Crusades, 1096 A.D. 2. Asian and European goods exchanged D. Rebirth 1. Renaissance, 1300 to 1600 A.D. 2. Reformation a. printing press- Gutenberg b. Martin Luther

Capture of Jerusalem

Gutenburg’s printing press Martin Luther

Early Encounters A. Vikings set up settlements in 1001 A.D. B. Pacific Visitors from Asia C. Christopher Columbus 1. Tainos in the Carribean 2. Slavery 3. Disease

Cultural Exchange 1. European influence a. domestic animals b. metal work c. disease 2. Food and farming a. corn, potatoes, beans, tomatoes, squash, pineapples b. impact cultures and nutrition 3. Language a. animals (moose and racoons) b. States, Rivers, etc. 4. Technology a. clothing (ponchos, moccasins, etc.) b. trapping, snowshoes c. medicine d. Lacrosse and other games