Fereshte Shabany Moghadam f_sh_moghadam@yahoo.com ‘In the Name of Kind ALLAH’ Information Systems Fereshte Shabany Moghadam f_sh_moghadam@yahoo.com Amir-Kabir University of Technology Tehran, Iran Department of Industrial Engineering

Introduction Definition of a system: Fereshte Shabany Moghadam Introduction Definition of a system: A set of components that interact together to achieve a common goal System Goal SMART Specific, Measurable, Assignable, Realistic, Tamable System Boundaries Inputs Outputs Process Feedback Actions Actions Analysis

Introduction Definition of an Information System (IS): Fereshte Shabany Moghadam Introduction Definition of an Information System (IS): Set of procedures, processes, objects and people that will produce useful information for members & customers of an organization Project phases: Planning Why build the system? Analysis Who, what, when, where will the system be? Design How will the system work? Implementation System delivery System Development Life Cycle SDLC

Introduction Project Initiation System Request Feasibility Analysis Fereshte Shabany Moghadam Introduction Planning Phase Project Initiation System Request Feasibility Analysis Approval Committee Project Management

Introduction Analysis Phase Analysis + System Concept + Models Fereshte Shabany Moghadam Introduction Analysis Phase Analysis + System Concept + Models are combined into the System Proposal

Introduction Design Phase Decides how the system will operate Fereshte Shabany Moghadam Introduction Design Phase Decides how the system will operate Architecture design User interface design (UI) Database design Program design Implementation Phase Construction Conversion/Installation Maintenance & Support Process Product Planning Analysis Design Implementation Project Plan System Proposal System Specification New System and Maintenance Plan

IS Development Methodologies Fereshte Shabany Moghadam IS Development Methodologies 1- Structured design Waterfall Development Method

IS Development Methodologies Fereshte Shabany Moghadam IS Development Methodologies Parallel development

IS Development Methodologies Fereshte Shabany Moghadam IS Development Methodologies Spiral Model

IS Development Methodologies Fereshte Shabany Moghadam IS Development Methodologies 2- Rapid Application Development (RAD) Phased Development Break overall system into a series of versions Each version has Analysis, Design, and Implementation Output from on version is the input to the next Incorporate ideas, issues, lessons learned in one version into the next version

IS Development Methodologies Fereshte Shabany Moghadam IS Development Methodologies Prototyping Analysis, Design, Implementation are performed concurrently Start with a "quick-and-dirty" prototype Provides minimal functionality Repeat process, refining the prototype each time Stop when prototype is a working system

IS Development Methodologies Fereshte Shabany Moghadam IS Development Methodologies

IS Development Methodologies Fereshte Shabany Moghadam IS Development Methodologies Throw-Away Prototyping Use prototypes only to understand requirements Example: use html to show UI Prototype is not a working design Once requirements are understood, the prototypes are thrown away The system is then built using SDLC

IS Development Methodologies Fereshte Shabany Moghadam IS Development Methodologies

IS Development Methodologies Fereshte Shabany Moghadam IS Development Methodologies 3- Agile development XP streamline SDLC Just a few rules that are easy to learn and follow Streamline the SDLC Eliminate much of the modeling and documentation Emphasize simple, iterative application development

IS Development Methodologies Fereshte Shabany Moghadam IS Development Methodologies

How Select the Appropriate Methodology? Fereshte Shabany Moghadam How Select the Appropriate Methodology? Clarity of User Requirements Familiarity with Technology System Complexity System Reliability Short Time Schedules Schedule Visibility

Criteria for Selecting a Methodology Fereshte Shabany Moghadam Criteria for Selecting a Methodology

Contemporary Approaches to Information Systems Fereshte Shabany Moghadam Contemporary Approaches to Information Systems

Why Information Systems? Fereshte Shabany Moghadam Why Information Systems? Business firms invest heavily in information systems to achieve six strategic business objectives: Operational excellence New products, services, and business models Customer and supplier intimacy Improved decision making Without accurate information: Managers must use forecasts, best guesses, luck Competitive advantage Survival

Types of Information Systems Fereshte Shabany Moghadam Types of Information Systems ESS: Executive Support Systems DSS: Decision Support Systems MIS: Management Information Systems KWS: Knowledge Work Systems GIS: Geographical Information Systems GSS: Group Support Systems TPS: Transaction Processing Systems OAS: Office Automation Systems EDP: Electronic Database Processing More Advanced????? ES: Expert Systems AI: Artificial Intelligence ANN: Artificial Neural Networks Robotic

Types of Information Systems Fereshte Shabany Moghadam Types of Information Systems

Information Systems Roles Fereshte Shabany Moghadam Information Systems Roles Business analyst System analyst Infrastructure analyst Change management analyst Project manager Important aspects in IS development

Infrastructures needed for IS implementation Fereshte Shabany Moghadam Infrastructures needed for IS implementation Organizational structures Management willing and support, Cooperative staff, Distributed and decentralized organization ,Proper data management, Staff learning courses Information technology Knowledge discovery and acquisition, Data mining, Data warehousing Human resources Expert teams; System analysts, IT engineers, Data mining experts, Market analysts, …

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