Section 3 – pg 398 The Emancipation Proclamation Chapter 11 Section 3 – pg 398 The Emancipation Proclamation

Emancipating the Enslaved Pg 398 Emancipating the Enslaved Many abolitionists were happy when the war begun Urged Lincoln to end slavery and punish the South for starting the war

Lincoln Changes His Mind Pg 398 - 399 Lincoln Changes His Mind Lincoln knew most Northerners did not want to end slavery Feared actions to emancipate (free) the slaves might cause border states to secede Goal was to restore the Union even if slavery had to continue Gradually Lincoln changed his mind Realized how important slavery was to war effort in South Told his Cabinet intended to issue a Emancipation Proclamation Was advised to wait until a victory on the battlefield

A Famous Proclamation Pg 399 September 22, 1862, a few days after Union’s victory at Antietam, Lincoln met with Cabinet and issued a preliminary proclamation Jan 1, 1863 issued final Emancipation Proclamation which freed all slaves in areas where the Union was fighting At first had little effect Did not free slaves in border states, areas in the South the Union controlled, and in places the Union had no power

The Proclamation was criticized and praised Pg 399 The Proclamation was criticized and praised Some abolitionists said it should be applied throughout country Southerners said Lincoln was trying to start a slave riot Union soldiers felt it weakened the South

Effects of the Proclamation Pg 399 Effects of the Proclamation Freed few slaves at first Changed the Civil War into a struggle for freedom No longer fight to save Union, but to end slavery Dashed all hopes that the British would help the South Were now seen as people fighting to keep people enslaved Unified African Americans in support of the War http://www.history.com/shows/classroom/videos/gilder-lehrman-the-emancipation-proclamation#gilder-lehrman-the-emancipation-proclamation

African Americans Help the Union Pg 400 African Americans Help the Union When the Civil War began, African Americans were not allowed in the Union army Many had tried to volunteer but were not accepted until the Emancipation Proclamation

Volunteering for Service Pg 400 Volunteering for Service EP encouraged African Americans to enlist 189,000 served in army or navy More than half were former slaves Faced extra risks If captured during battle, either returned to slavery or killed

Blacks and whites served together in navy Pg 400 Blacks and whites served together in navy In army, blacks served in all-black regiments under white officers Earned less pay than white soldiers Still fought with pride and courage “They make better soldiers in every respect than any troops I have ever had under my command”

African Americans also supported the Union in noncombat roles African American troops took part in abt 40 major battles and hundreds of minor ones 54th Massachusetts Infantry attacked Fort Wagner on July 18, 1863 African Americans also supported the Union in noncombat roles Cooks, wagon drivers, hospital aides Pg 401 http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/the-54th-massachusetts-infantry

Pg 401 Resisting Slavery Many slaves did what they could to hurt the Confederate war effort Provide military information to the Union Purposely work slow while slaveholders were fighting