Unit 13: Solutions & Equilibrium Concentration Concentration Molarity Calculations Print 5-10 mol L M =

< = < A. Concentration 2 1 Concentrated Dilute 4 3 Concentration relative amount of solute dissolved per given amount of solvent solute solvent Dilute Concentrated 1 2 3 4 < = <

B. Molarity Molarity (M) moles of solute per liter of solution Example: 3.0 M HCl 3.0 molar HCl 3.0 mol HCl 1 L

Preparing a Solution (in lab later) B. Molarity Preparing a Solution (in lab later) 1 2 3 Make a 0.5 M solution: 0) Add some of the solvent first (technically),,, Add 0.5 mol solute to 1 L volumetric flask. Swirl to dissolve. Fill with DI (deionized) water exactly to the 1 L line.

C. Calculations Finding Molarity What is the molarity of a solution containing 3.5 g NaCl in 100. mL of solution? 1 mol NaCl 58.443 g NaCl 3.5 g NaCl x = 0.060 mol NaCl IV saline solution 0.060 mol NaCl 0.100 L 0.60 M NaCl = 100. mL = 0.100 L

C. Calculations Finding Molarity What is the molarity of a solution with a volume of 2.00 L containing 36.0 g of C6H12O6 (glucose)? 1 mol C6H12O6 180.1566 g C6H12O6 36.0 g C6H12O6 x = 0.200 mol C6H12O6 0.200 mol C6H12O6 2.00 L = 0.100 M C6H12O6

C. Calculations Finding Moles How many moles of solute are in 3.80 L of 0.700 M NaClO (bleach)? 0.700 mol NaClO 1 L 3.80 L x = 2.66 mol NaClO 0.700 M written as mol/L bleach

C. Calculations Finding Moles How many moles of solute are in 250. mL of 2.20 M CaCl2? 0.250 L x 2.20 mol CaCl2 = 1 L 0.550 mol CaCl2 250. mL = 0.250 L

C. Calculations Finding Mass (g) What mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is needed to make 200. mL of a 0.150 M solution? 0.200 L x 0.150 mol NaOH = 1 L 0.0300 mol NaOH x 39.9972 g NaOH = 1 mol 0.0300 mol NaOH 1.20 g NaOH

C. Calculations Finding Volume (L) How many liters of a 1.15 M solution are needed to give 0.805 moles of solute? 0.805 mol x 1 L = 1.15 mol How many mL are needed? 0.700 L 0.700 L = 700. mL