Unit 2 Lithosphere Rocks

Rocks Types: Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic

Types of Rocks - Igneous Intrusive - Forms when magma cools and crystalizes (turns solid) inside the Earth. Magma cools slowly and forms large crystals. Ex. Granite

Types of Rocks - Igneous Extrusive - Forms when lava cools and crystalizes (solidifies)outside of the Earth’s surface. Lava cools quickly and can form small crystals. Ex. Obsidian or Pumice (with air)

Types of Rocks - Sedimentary Sedimentary rock - forms when small pieces of rock or biological sediments are compacted and cemented together. Steps to make a sedimentary rock: break down other rocks move and deposit sediment sediments compact and cement (stick) together.

Types of Rocks - Sedimentary Organic- contains materials from living things. Ex. Fossils, Coal

Types of Rocks - Sedimentary Detrital - Grains are cemented together and can often be seen in layers or clumps. Large grains = coarse Small grains = fine

Types of Rocks - Sedimentary Importance: Make up 75% of the Earth’s Crust. Fossil Fuels are sedimentary rocks (coal) or found in sedimentary rock.

Types of Rocks - Metamorphic Metamorphic Rocks - formed when heat and/or pressure change the physical or chemical properties of existing rocks.

Types of Rocks - Metamorphic Foliated – Bands or Unfoliated – No Bands

Common Metamorphic Rocks Limestone becomes Marble Shale and Slate become Schist Sandstone becomes Quartzite Granite becomes Gneiss

THE ROCK CYCLE SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC IGNEOUS Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Cementation, Compaction Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Cementation, Compaction SEDIMENTARY Heat & Pressure Melting & Cooling Melting & Cooling METAMORPHIC IGNEOUS Heat & Pressure Heat & Pressure Melting & Cooling