Philosophy in Neo-Platonic Mode

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Presentation transcript:

Philosophy in Neo-Platonic Mode

Neo-Platonists Marsilio Ficino Pico della Mirandola Pico’s Hebrew tutor: Johanan ben Isaac Alemanno

Influential Books of Ficino Commentary on Plato’s Symposiusm (Latin then popular in Italian, French, etc.) Works of Plato, 1484 (Full Latin translation from original Greek texts) Platonic Theology (Reconciles Christianity with Platonic philosophy), 1474 Translation of Hermetic writings Letters (ex. to Lorenzo on Law and Justice)

Ancient Authors Plato (4th c. B.C.E.)-records conversations of Socrates Plotinus (2nd c. C.E.)

Florentine Circle in Neo-Platonic Mode Ruling family: Cosimo de’ Medici, Piero de’ Medici, and Lorenzo de’ Medici Poet Poliziano, as well as Lorenzo Artists Botticelli, Michelangelo

Other Italian Neo-Platonists Cardinal Pietro Bembo (also portrayed in Castiglione’s The Book of the Courtier) Vittoria Colonna, Poet, friend of Michelangelo

Neo-Platonic Idea of Beauty Divine beauty is higher than physical beauty. Soul seeks to ascend by contemplating physical beauty

Neo-Platonic Idea of Love Love of Earthly Venus-physical love leading to procreation Love of Heavenly Venus-spiritual love leading to creativity One may love physical beauty and rise through that love to love of spiritual beauty Highest love contemplates the Intellectual and Moral Virtues, that is WISDOM

Neo-Platonic Idea of Free Will In Pico’s Oration, Adam was created with free will. Adam has no fixed abode and no fixed nature Adam can descend to the animal level or ascend to the angelic level (ascending up Jacob’s ladder) Free choice is the main human characteristic