Deep Thoughts "Remember that fear always lurks behind perfectionism. Confronting your fears and allowing yourself the right to be human can, paradoxically, make you a far happier and more productive person." ~~ David M. Burns

Agenda Warm-up – Persuasive Tactics Intro Edward’s “Sinners” Check and review Vocab Intro Edward’s “Sinners” Background & Context Discuss Persuasive techniques Figurative Language Read “Sinners” p. 153 Take notes on handout

Objectives Students will: I.D. and discuss persuasive techniques What methods are the most effective Identify Edward’s figurative language Discuss how he uses figurative language for emotional impact Define and discuss Edward’s use of loaded words Analyze the effectiveness of Edward’s sermon on his congregation Discuss how he acknowledges his audience

Warm-Up Think about a time you tried to change someone’s mind. Did you use a gentle approach, scare tactics, or something in between? Have you ever persuaded someone to do something or share your same belief? How did you do it? What was the outcome?

“Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” by Jonathan Edwards

Background Information Important role in the shaping of The Great Awakening (1730-1755) Grandfather of Aaron Burr Was the fifth of eleven children He entered Yale College in 1716, at just under the age of thirteen. He was a scholar-pastor his rule being thirteen hours of study a day.

The Great Awakening In 1740 the well-known British evangelist George Whitefield joined with Jonathan Edwards to spark a religious revival that swept New England. The Great Awakening was a backlash against what many believed was a church that had grown far too lenient. (Sound familiar?)

Edwards preached a return to Calvinism which stressed predestination, the belief that only a select few chosen by God would be saved. No individual could earn grace by doing good deeds, so everyone was equally powerless to control their own fate.

“Fire and Brimstone” tradition Despite popular belief, Edwards did not shout at his audience. He actually spoke very calmly and softly, giving an air of confidence and assuredness to his sermons. It was the audience who reacted with wild cries and pleas for redemption, sometimes interrupting his sermons for several minutes. Others, however, did “Bible beat” on the pulpit and shout to the audience.

Literary Elements Metaphor – a figure of speech that compares or equates two seemingly unlike things. In contrast to a simile, a metaphor implies the comparison instead of stating it directly; hence there is no use of connectives such as like or as.

Literary Elements Imagery – The “word pictures” that writers create to evoke an emotional response. In creating effective images, writers use sensory details. i.e. touch, taste, smell, sound, sight

Literary Elements Repetition – The recurrence of sounds, words, phrases, lines, or stanzas in a speech or piece of writing. Repetition increases the sense of unity in a work and can call attention to particular ideas.

Literary Elements Sensory details – Evocative words or phrases that appeal to one or more of the five senses—sight, sound, smell, touch, or taste.

Literary Elements Loaded Words – Words intended to evoke specific emotions for persuasive purposes. These words are often hyperbolic, or extreme, in order to cause an emotional response.

Cultural Note As a Calvinist, Jonathan Edwards believed that some people were favored by God and others were not. This belief was interpreted by some to mean that worldly success was a sign of God’s favor. Many believed that one way God rewarded people for their repentance and pious behavior was with earthly goods. What is wrong with this assumption?

Let’s Read! Open to page 153