VALUES BASED MANAGEMENT

Venice Charter Conserve historic and aesthetic values Dont reconstruct Do as little restoration or repair as possible No concern for natural values No concern for social values

BUT……… Venice Charter important Helped preserve monuments here

Not this NOT THIS

Planning Models based on Venice CHARTER Assumed culture is in the past Missed some values Didnt deal well with intangible values Concentrated on physical conservation Didnt address some management issues Jumped straight to issues without understanding values context

What is values based management? The planning, development and management of a heritage site which achieves the conservation of all the heritage values of the site for the long term Foundation of current World Heritage Management system Burra Charter origins

Values based management methodology Accurately assess and recognise all the cultural values of the site Exercise problem solving skills and initiative to solve issues Develop policies and strategies which result in the conservation of the places cultural values

IDENFITY PLACE AND ASSOCIATIONS Secure the place and make it safe GATHER AND RECORD INFORMATION ABOUT THE PLACE SUFFICIENT TO UNDERSTAND SIGNIFICANCE Documentary Oral Physical ASSESS SIGNIFICANCE PREPARE A STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE IDENTIFY OBLIGATIONS ARISING FROM SIGNIFICANCE GATHER INFORMATION ABOUT OTHER FACTORS AFFECTING THE FUTURE OF THE PLACE Owner/managers needs and resources External factors Physical condition DEVELOP POLICY Identify options Consider options and test their impact on significance PREPARE A STATEMENT OF POLICY MANAGE PLACE IN ACCORDANCE WITH POLICY Develop strategies Implement strategies through a management plan Record place prior to any change MONITOR AND REVIEW Heritage Management Process Assess heritage values Identify issues Manage Develop policy

Success or failure of values based heritage site management The degree to which the management regime facilitates the long term conservation and presentation of all the places heritage values in a dynamic and integrated way Is the management making sure all the values are conserved?

Identifying Values Values based management Tangible and intangible values Conflicting values Mutable values Living values Roles: experts, community and traditional owners Issues for and responsibilities of the manager

World Heritage Citation Angkor represents a unique artistic realisation, a chef doeuvre of the human mind; It has exerted strong influence on the development of architecture, monumental arts and the organisation of space, during a given period, in a particular cultural region; It gives unique testimony of a past civilisation It offers a remarkable example of a type of construction or architectural group, illustrating an important historical period.

Values of Greater Angkor Angkor is an internationally renowned icon and landmark, which has natural and cultural significance of global importance Angkor is a living historic site where cultural and religious traditions continue, and villagers have special connections to the landscape Angkor is an important economic and social asset for Cambodia

Aesthetic Values The temples monuments carvings and water structures are great human masterworks of art architecture and design Authentic village landscapes The cultural landscape of greater Angkor - great human design engineering and aesthetic sensitivity. The natural setting

Historic Values History of great civilisation Worlds biggest pre-industrial city Developments in architecture design sculpture etc History of complex religious development Living historic city

Scientific Values Evidence of interaction between people and nature ; cultural development Huge archaeological site with demonstrated potential Source of significant new information about human and environmental history Evidence of prehistoric occupation Technological innovation

Social Values Living historic site with cultural continuity from Angkorian times Vibrant traditional culture Rare attraction for tourists Source of revenue for Cambodia Important and inspiring symbol of Khmer culture SACRED LANDSCAPE

Issues Major issues for Angkor include: –Lack of community awareness and a need for education –Land use conflict –Impact of tourism –Poverty of the local people –Need for co-ordinated government –Conflict between conservation, tourism and modernisation

ISSUES THREATS to VALUES or OPPORTUNITIES TO PROTECT AND INTERPRET VALUES BETTER POLICIES\ STRATEGIES to PROTECT VALUES

Tourism and Visitor Management Disruption to traditional patterns Income is positive – if received Damage to monuments Additional traffic Overdevelopment Balancing of tourist and visitor needs

Ecology Trees cut down for commercial purposes – de- forestation Depletion of forests causes canals to dry up Water quality and management General environmental deterioration

Physical Condition and Conservation Conflict: conservation -v- tourism Encroachment on heritage areas Loss of intangible values Damage to temples and archaeology

Part of the duty of Anangu is to keep their culture strong