ELECTRIC CIRCUITS.

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Presentation transcript:

ELECTRIC CIRCUITS

1. WHAT ARE CIRCUITS? A SET OF ELECTRICAL DEVICES THAT PROVIDE A COMPLETE PATH FOR ELECTRIC CHARGES REPRESENTED BY A SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM 2 MAIN TYPES

A. SERIES CIRCUIT PROVIDES ONLY ONE PATH FOR CHARGES ONE PART GOES OUT, THEY ALL GO OUT! TOTAL CURRENT IN EACH DEVICE IS THE SAME (RESISTANCE AND VOLTAGE VARIES) MANY CHRISTMAS TREE LIGHTS ARE SERIES

B. PARALLEL CIRCUIT CHARGES HAVE MORE THAN ONE PATH TO FOLLOW IF ONE PART GOES OUT THE OTHER PARTS MAY STAY ON TOTAL CURRENT IS FOUND BY ADDING CURRENTS IN EACH LOOP (VOLTAGE SAME IN ALL DEVICES) YOUR HOUSE IS WIRED IN PARALEL

- AN OPEN CIRCUIT HAS A BREAK IN THE PATH AND IS OFF - A CLOSED CIRCUIT HAS NO BREAKS AND IS ON

2. SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS (DRAW ONLY THE ONES LISTED ON YOUR NOTES)

3. FUSES AND CIRCUIT BREAKERS PROTECT WIRES FROM OVERHEATING AND CAUSING A FIRE BY OPENING THE CIRCUIT FUSES – HAVE A METAL STRIP THAT MELTS WHEN THE CURRENT IS TOO LARGE. NOT USED MUCH ANYMORE IN HOUSES. STILL USED IN CARS AND APPLIANCES. CIRCUIT BREAKERS – HAVE A BIMETAL STRIP THAT OPENS CIRCUIT WHEN CURRENT IS TOO LARGE. CAN BE REUSED! THE HAIRDRYER, BATHROOM LIGHTS AND RADIO MAY TRIP THE CIRCUIT BREAKER IN YOUR BATHROOM IF ALL ARE ON AT THE SAME TIME

PICTURES OF FUSES AND CIRCUIT BREAKERS

4. ELECTRIC POWER (P) THE RATE AT WHICH ELECTRICAL ENERGY IS USED MEASURED IN WATTS (W) ONE KILOWATT = 1000 WATTS ELECTRIC COMPANIES MEASURE HOW MANY KILOWATTS PER HOUR YOU USE IN KILOWATT-HOURS

- POWER EQUATION P = V x I WATTS = VOLTS X AMPS