Topic: The Revolutionary War (1775-1783) Essential Question: How did the colonies win the war?

Who has the advantage? British advantages Best army and navy in the world Strong central government Great wealth

Strong central government Great wealth Colonial advantages Fighting for a cause Leadership of George Washington

Leadership of George Washington Fighting on home territory Fighting for a cause Leadership of George Washington Fighting on home territory Guerrilla warfare Hit-and-run fighting technique using small groups of soldiers Daniel Morgan George Rogers Clark

Guerrilla warfare Hit-and-run fighting technique using small groups of soldiers 10-2-2 Discuss British advantages Colonial advantages Describe which single advantage you think is most important (could be British or Colonial).

Guerrilla warfare Hit-and-run fighting technique using small groups of soldiers Early years (1776-78)

Hit-and-run fighting technique using small groups of soldiers Early years (1776-78) Battle of Trenton (December 26, 1776) Washington crossed the Delaware River on Christmas night

Battle of Trenton (December 26, 1776) Washington crossed the Delaware River on Christmas night Surprised and defeated Hessian mercenaries the next day

Monument to Col. John Glover, Boston Washington crossed the Delaware River on Christmas night Surprised and defeated Hessian mercenaries the next day Casualties: Hessians: 1001 Americans: 7 Monument to Col. John Glover, Boston

Hessians: 1001 Americans: 7 Importance: 1st real victory for the Continental Army Obtained needed supplies Allowed Washington to rest and regroup during the winter Encouraged soldiers to enlist

Allowed Washington to rest for the remainder of the winter Encouraged soldiers to enlist Battles of Saratoga (Sept/Oct 1777) Controlling the Hudson River was a key to victory Daniel Morgan’s sharpshooters Eliminated British officers Burgoyne Daniel Morgan Horatio Gates

Daniel Morgan’s sharpshooters Eliminated British officers Benedict Arnold Heroically led soldiers to victory Became a traitor in 1779 Fort Ticonderoga

Heroically led soldiers to victory Became a traitor in 1779 Turning point in the war Ended the British offensive in the North Convinced France to enter the war against England

Ended the British offensive in the North Convinced France to enter the war against England 10-2-2 Discuss Trenton Saratoga Which battle do you think is more important, Trenton or Saratoga?

Ended the British offensive in the North Convinced France to enter the war against England Valley Forge (1777-78) Winter camp in Pennsylvania Soldiers suffered greatly from cold, hunger, and disease

Winter camp in Pennsylvania Soldiers suffered greatly from cold, hunger, and disease Marquis de Lafayette French nobleman Became Washington’s aide

French nobleman Became Washington’s aide Friedrich von Steuben Prussian (German) military officer Organized and trained Washington’s soldiers

Prussian (German) military officer Organized and trained Washington’s soldiers France Benjamin Franklin had been in France since 1776 Tried to convince King Louis XVI to help the colonies

Benjamin Franklin had been in France since 1776 Tried to convince King Louis XVI to help the colonies Declared war on Britain in 1778 Convinced that America could win the war after Saratoga

Declared war on Britain in 1778 Convinced that America could win the war after Saratoga Sent money, supplies, troops, and ships

10-2-2 Convinced that America could win the war after Saratoga Sent money, supplies, troops, and ships 10-2-2 Discuss Valley Forge Lafayette Von Steuben France Choose one of the following: Describe why the alliance with France was so important. Would you consider Valley Forge more of a negative experience or a positive experience for the Continental Army?

Convinced that America could win the war after Saratoga Sent money, supplies, troops, and ships War at sea Continental Navy was very small

War at sea Continental Navy was very small John Paul Jones America’s greatest naval commander during the war Famous quotation: “I have not yet begun to fight!”

Famous quotation: “I have not yet begun to fight!” French navy played a major role after 1778

Battle of Guilford Courthouse “I have not yet begun to fight!” French navy played a major role after 1778   The war ends (1781-83) Nathanael Greene Battle of Guilford Courthouse Charles Cornwallis

French navy played a major role after 1778 The war ends (1781-83)   The war ends (1781-83) Battle of Yorktown (1781) English General Cornwallis in Yorktown, Virginia Surrounded by Washington, the French army, and a French naval blockade Henry Clinton Charles Cornwallis

Cornwallis was forced to surrender Last major battle of the war English General Cornwallis in Yorktown, Virginia Surrounded by Washington, the French army, and a French naval blockade Cornwallis was forced to surrender Last major battle of the war Forced Britain to sign a peace treaty

Officially ended the Revolutionary War Last major battle of the war Forced Britain to sign a peace treaty  Treaty of Paris (1783) Officially ended the Revolutionary War Officially freed the colonies from British control

10-2-2 Discuss Explain why Washington won at Yorktown. Officially ended the Revolutionary War Officially freed the colonies from British control 10-2-2 Discuss War at sea Yorktown Treaty of Paris Explain why Washington won at Yorktown.