Immigration and Urbanization EQ: Why did immigrants come to the US, and how did they impact society?

So what “I” word is in America’s future?

Immigration New Immigration Immigrants in the first half of the 1800s came from Northern Europe German, English, French, Dutch, Irish In the late 1800s/early 1900s immigrants mostly came from Southern and Eastern Europe Jewish, Polish, Italian, Greek, Russian

Push/Pull Factors Political & Religious Persecution Poverty Freedom Push Factors Political & Religious Persecution Poverty Pull Factors Freedom “Unlimited” Opportunity Work

Nativism prejudicial reaction to the large wave of immigrants wanted to set quotas (limits) or stop the immigration of non-white, non-protestant people Examples of Nativism Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882 banned Chinese immigration and blocked Chinese from becoming US citizens til 1943 American Protective Association, 1887 tried to limit Catholic immigration into the US also tried to ban Catholics from teaching in public schools or holding office

Social Gospel Movement applied Christian beliefs to solve social problems targeted poverty, inequality, liquor, crime, racial tensions, slums, bad hygiene, poor schools, and the danger of war included groups like the YMCA and the Salvation Army the YMCA (James Naismath) invented basketball in 1891

Settlement Houses Designed to help immigrants “settle” into America people donated time and money to help the poor Jane Addams set up Hull House in Chicago to help immigrants adjust to America she provided day care, public baths, job training, and language lessons about 2,000 a week were helped Addams promoted reforms for workers’, women’s, and immigrant rights by 1911, there were over 1400 settlement houses in the US she won the Nobel Prize in 1931

The Statue of Liberty "Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door! “The New Colossus,” Emma Lazarus, 1883

Urbanization - Background the rapid growth of cities created new problems housing, transportation, water, and sanitation, firefighting and crime from 1820 to 1914 immigration exploded 30,000,000 Europeans 700,000 Asians 900,000 Latin Americans

Dawn of Mass Culture Americans began to share common culture more than ever before newspaper circulation wars rise of motion pictures (The Great Train Robbery) nickelodeon height of PT Barnum’s traveling circus