Write what is underlined KINGDOM PROTISTA Write what is underlined Chapter 20

WHAT IS A PROTIST? Any eukaryote that is not a Plant, Animal, or Fungi.

KINGDOM PROTISTA CHARACTERISTICS Eukaryotes Unicellular and Multicellular Autotrophic or heterotrophic Some have cell walls Many have structures specific for movement.

TYPES OF PROTISTS Animal like Protists Plant like Protists Funguslike Protists

ANIMAL-LIKE PROTISTS Typically heterotrophic, motile, unicellular Live in water but can be found in moist soil Grouped by method of locomotion

PHYLUM ZOOMASTIGINA: ZOOFLAGELLATES Move by flagella Live symbiotically Examples:- Trichonympha collaris – termites Tyrpanosoma brucei – tsetse fly cause sleeping sickness

SARCODINES Amoeba Unicellular Move by pseudopods “false foot” Feed by phagocytosis Can cause dysentery

PHYLUM CILIOPHORA: CILIATES Paramecium Use cilia for feeding and movement. Discharge trichocysts to disable prey Reproduce sexually and asexually

PHYLUM SPOROZOA Nonmotile parasites Form spores Example:- Plasmodium vivax causes malaria Infected female Anopheles mosquito Cells bursts, high fever and severe chills

MALARIA

PLANTLIKE PROTISTS Chlorophyll and accessory pigments allow algae to harvest and use the energy from sunlight.

Plant like Protists - Algae Live in water and photosynthesize (produce much of the earths oxygen) Named for the type of chlorophyll and accessory pigments they contain - Green, golden brown, brown, and red Produce food that maintain communities in oceans and fresh water Chemicals from algae are used to make plastics, waxes, paints, deodorant. Also used to make ice- cream, salad dressing, pudding, or a candy bar.

Red, Brown, and Green Algae Red Algae:- live at great depths due to their efficiency in harvesting light energy. Red algae contain chlorophyll a and reddish accessory pigments called phycobilins. Brown algae:- contain chlorophyll a and c, as well as a brown accessory pigment, fucoxanthin. Green Algae:- share many characteristics with plants, including their photosynthetic pigments and cell wall composition.

Euglenophytes: Euglena Chloroplast Carbohydrate storage bodies Gullet Pellicle Contractile vacuole Flagella Eyespot Nucleus Unicellular Moves by flagella Heterotrophic or autotrophic

DIATOMS Produce cell walls rich in silica (Si – the main ingredient in glass)

DINOFLAGELLATES Half are photosynthetic and the other half are heterotrophic. Two flagella that cause it to spin like a top Warm surface waters cause “blooms” Red tide can paralyze humans

Unicellular Green Algae Chlamydomonas Colonial Green Algae Volvox Unicellular Green Algae Chlamydomonas Filamentous Green Algae Spirogira Multicellular Green Algae Multicellular Red Algae

FUNGUS LIKE PROTIST Lack chlorophyll Absorb dead and decaying organic matter. Not classified as true fungi as they do not contain chitin their cell walls.

Examples:- Slime molds are fungus like protists that play key roles in recycling organic material Oomycetes thrive on dead or decaying organic matter in water and are plant parasites on land.