World Religions Islam & Prophet Muhammad 570 A.D. - Today

Essential Standards 6.C.1 Explain how the behaviors and practices of individuals and groups influenced societies, civilizations and regions. 6.H.2 Understand the political, economic and/or social significance of historical events, issues, individuals and cultural groups. 6.C&G.1 Understand the development of government in various civilizations, societies and regions. 6.C.1Explain how the behaviors and practices of individuals and groups influenced societies, civilizations and regions.

Clarifying Objectives 6.C.1.2 Explain how religion transformed various societies, civilizations and regions (e.g., beliefs, practices and spread of Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Hinduism, Islam and Judaism). 6.H.2.4 Explain the role that key historical figures and cultural groups had in transforming society (e.g., Mansa Musa, Confucius, Charlemagne and Qin Shi Huangdi). 6.C&G.1.1 Explain the origins and structures of various governmental systems (e.g., democracy, absolute monarchy and constitutional monarchy). 6.C&G.1.2 Summarize the ideas that shaped political thought in various civilizations, societies and regions (e.g., divine right, equality, liberty, citizen participation and integration of religious principles). 6.C.1.3 Summarize systems of social structure within various civilizations and societies over time (e.g., Roman class structure, Indian caste system and feudal, matrilineal and patrilineal societies).

Clarifying Objectives 6.C.1.2 Explain how religion transformed various societies, civilizations and regions (e.g., beliefs, practices and spread of Buddhism, Christianity, Confucianism, Hinduism, Islam and Judaism). 6.H.2.4 Explain the role that key historical figures and cultural groups had in transforming society (e.g., Mansa Musa, Confucius, Charlemagne and Qin Shi Huangdi). 6.C&G.1.1 Explain the origins and structures of various governmental systems (e.g., democracy, absolute monarchy and constitutional monarchy). 6.C&G.1.2 Summarize the ideas that shaped political thought in various civilizations, societies and regions (e.g., divine right, equality, liberty, citizen participation and integration of religious principles). 6.C.1.3 Summarize systems of social structure within various civilizations and societies over time (e.g., Roman class structure, Indian caste system and feudal, matrilineal and patrilineal societies).

Essential Questions How did Islam transform the Middle East? Who was the Prophet Muhammad? How do religions usually spread? What are people of Islam called? How are the beliefs of Muslims similar to Christians? What were the 5 pillars of Islam? What is Theocracy?

Culture Religion is different for different cultures Many different cultures have many different religions Some cultures even make their laws based on their religion

Prophet Muhammad Islam’s history starts with the birth of the Prophet Muhammad He was born in around 570 A.D. in the Arabian Peninsula Muhammad was born in Mecca

Tribes of the Arabian Peninsula During the time of Muhammad’s younger years there were many tribes in the Arabian Peninsula They had many different beliefs and were mostly Polytheistic

Prophet Muhammad Muhammad grows up an orphan after both of his parents had died by the time he was 6 He grows up out of place & kind of an outcast but is very smart He becomes a great merchant trader

Mecca Center of Trade Mecca was a center for trade It was very much like Alexandria of Egypt where different merchants made & sold different things

Muhammad Meditates When Muhammad was about 25 years old he went up to the hills to meditate He has a vision An angel of god appears to Muhammad telling him he will be the true prophet of god

Muhammad Preaches Muhammad preaches of one god He preaches to unite under one god People begin to follow Muhammad and believe his teaches His teachings are written down

Qur'an The writings became known as the Qur’an This is the Muslim version of the Bible It is the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad

Tensions in Mecca As many believed the teachings of one god in Mecca many did not Muhammad was forced to move to a new land called Medina This journey is called Hijrah

Medina the City of the Prophet Muhammad goes to Medina and preaches his message Muhammad becomes very popular in Medina He is able to convert many of the people of Medina to Islam

Mecca Attacks Mecca hears of Muhammad’s success and they plan an attack to wipe out the Muslims once & for all They attack the Muslims but the Muslims beat them back and capture the city of Mecca Muhammad goes into Mecca & smashes the shrines & temples of the Meccans

Islam is born With the smashing of the shrines & temples Islam is born Mecca & Medina become the two sacred cities of Islam From there Islam spreads all across Europe & the Middle East

Islam Unites Islam transformed the Middle East because it UNITED the tribes that had been separated They were now ONE & powerful under Islam

Islam Spreads Islam spreads through the next centuries until it’s territory is more wide spread than Ancient Rome The religion is spread by merchant traders that preach it’s message

Essential Questions Get with a partner and answer…. Who was the Prophet Muhammad? How do religions usually spread? How did Islam transform the Middle East?

Principals of Islam The principals of Islam are built up the Qur’an The Qur’an tells of the 5 pillars of Islam Shahada Salat Sawm Zakat Hajj The government is Theocratic coded law called the Shareah

Qur’an The Muslim Bible It tells of the revelations that Muhammad has when communicating with god Book that the Islamic government is based upon

5 Pillars of Islam Shahada- There is no god but god & Muhammad is the Prophet Salat- Prayer must take place 5 times a day (dawn, noon, after noon, sunset, late evening) Sawn- month long fasting period for Ramadan Zakat- Non poor Muslims must give money to poor Muslims Hajj- Each Muslim must make a pilgrimage to Mecca once in their lifetime

Theocracy Government Islamic Muslims have a Theocratic Government Theocratic Government is a government based on religion The laws are based upon the Qur’an

Social Structure (Equality) Everyone is equal in Islam There is no separation between men, women, child There is no separation in status in terms of color of skin

Essential Questions Get with a partner and answer…. What are people of Islam called? How are the beliefs of Muslims similar to Christians? What were the 5 pillars of Islam? What is Theocracy?

Important Points 6.C&G.1.1 (Theocracy) Theocratic Government is form of government that is ruled by religion 6.C&G.1.2 (Religious Principals) Islam’s government was based on religious principals 6.C.1.3 (Societal Structure) Everyone was EQUAL Islam was spread by TRADING merchants 6.C.1.2 (Transforming Regions) Islam transformed the Middle East by UNITING all the tribes together Islamic people are called MUSLIMS 6.H.2.4 (Key Historical Figures) They are led by the Prophet Muhammad