The Counter-Reformation The Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformation in 3 ways: Reform Propaganda The Inquisition

REFORM The Council of Trent met from 1545-1563 to investigate church ________________. The council ended some corruption, especially in the __________________. Priests, monks and nuns were supposed to take vows of poverty & chastity. There were many cases of affairs between nuns and priests/priests with mistresses. Though supposed to be living in poverty, many of them enjoyed luxuries donated to the monastery by wealthy patrons.

REFORM But the council continued to sanction practices the _______________ opposed e.g. indulgences The council also insisted that only _________________ could interpret the Bible. What are indulgences? Purchasing forgiveness for sins to get to heaven faster How do you think most Protestants would have felt about these rulings?

PROPAGANDA Ignatius Loyola organized the Society of ___________ to stop the spread of Protestantism. The Jesuits travelled the world to spread Catholicism and ___________________ Protestants Many Jesuits went to the New World and to Asia to convert people to Catholicism. Others travelled throughout Europe to try to convince Protestants to return to the Catholic faith.

PROPAGANDA The Church banned books with “dangerous” anti- ____________________ ideas The Church commissioned _______ that glorified: God The __________________ The good deeds of the Church This elaborate art became known as __________________. Banned books included the works of Martin Luther and Galileo

THE INQUISITION The Inquisition was a church ___________ for trying heretics. The court could arrest, question, imprison, ___________ & execute people on the slightest suspicion. Inquisition officers kept the ________________ of convicted heretics. ___________________ were killed by the Inquisition. Heretics are those who don’t follow/practice Church beliefs. People who lived under a Protestant monarch (e.g. German princes) were usually safe from the Inquisition, but it was very common in countries where Catholicism was the official religion (e.g. Spain) Under the Inquisition, there was no protection or guarantee of basic legal rights like we have today. You could be arrested based on very little evidence—even gossip was considered enough to arrest someone. There was no belief in innocent until proven guilty and most confessions of heresy were given under torture. Many people converted back to Catholicism for fear of being tried by the Inquisition though they often continued to practice their Protestant beliefs in secret. We will look at the Spanish Inquisition in a future class.