The 1850s: The Road to Secession Daily Objectives

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Presentation transcript:

The 1850s: The Road to Secession Daily Objectives Analyze the sectional tensions of the 1850’s that led to Southern Secession Discuss key personalities that fueled sectionalism in the 1850s.

Slavery and Western Expansion

Impact of War with Mexico Mexican Cession gave the US new lands to be organized and settled Would slavery be allowed in these new territories? Northerners said NO Southerners said YES

Wilmot Proviso David Wilmot from Penn. Proposed a law about the slavery issue in the Mexican Cession Proviso said that in any territory gained from Mexico, slavery would NEVER exist Proposal outraged Southerners; felt that banning slavery in the West might lead to banning slavery in the South

Popular Sovereignty Lewis Cass from Michigan Proposed the idea of - the citizens of each new territory decide for themselves if they wanted to permit slavery or not

TAYLOR STILL WINS ELECTION!! Election of 1848 Whig Party Splits: Conscience Whigs, opposed slavery Cotton Whigs, linked to Northern manufacturing so needed Southern cotton= not opposed to slavery Whigs nominate Zachary Taylor, hero of the War with Mexico (he is pro-slavery) This angers Conscience Whigs who leave the party to form the Free-Soil Party “Free Soil, Free Speech, Free Labor, Free Men!!” - opposed slavery in the New Territories TAYLOR STILL WINS ELECTION!!

Discovery of Gold 1848 GOLD discovered in CA Over 80,000 “49ers” rushed to move to the state Cali applied to become a Free state in 1849 If Cali. Is free then balance in Senate goes toward free states and against slave states Southerners began to talk openly about SECESSION again (leaving the Union)

Compromise of 1850 Henry Clay of Kentucky; known as the “Great Compromiser” for his role in the Missouri Compromise as well Proposed 8 Resolutions to solve the crisis and keep the Union together

1. California entered as a free state The Compromise of 1850 solved the sectional dispute between North and South 1. California entered as a free state 3. The slave trade ended in Washington DC 2. The people of Utah and New Mexico could vote to allow or ban slavery (popular sovereignty)

4. A stronger Fugitive Slave Law was created that allowed Southerners to recapture slaves in the North

Compromise of 1850 1. California gets statehood as Free State 2. Popular Sovereignty status for Utah and New Mexico—get to choose for themselves 3.No more slave trading in D.C.—whites can still own slaves 4. New Fugitive Slave Law, rigorously enforced 5. Resolve TX-NM border disagreement

Sectionalism: 1820-1850 From 1820 to 1850, sectionalism in America increased due to Differences in regional economies and the use of slavery Westward expansion and the entry of new states to the Union Growing abolitionism in the North But, each time a dispute threatened the nation, a compromise was reached

Class Activities Read the Fugitive Slave Act and Personal Liberty Law Primary Source Documents Answer the Accompanying questions Label and Color the Map that goes with the Compromise of 1850- Shade the KEY!

Compromise of 1850