The Industrial Revolution Part III

XI. Types of Economies A. Market Economy: Emphasis on profit, private ownership B. Centrally Planned Economy: Government Plans the Economy C. Mixed Economy: Combination of both Market & Centrally Planned Economies

XI. Types of Economies/Governments

XI. Types of Economies

XII. Corporations A. Corporation 1. a business owned by investors 2. these investors are called stockholders, they own a share or part of a company 3. their goal is make sustained profits

XII. Corporations

XII. Corporations 4. stockholders are paid in dividends (cash payments based on the amount of shares) 5. they share in the profits, but are not legally responsible for its debts

XII. Corporations

XII. Corporations B. Corporate Abuse: 1. Monopoly, one company controls an entire market, the supplies & prices 2. examples include AT & T & Microsoft

XII. Corporations 4. Robber Barons, are businesspeople: 3. Cartel, several companies get together & control prices, supplies, marketing & production 4. Robber Barons, are businesspeople: a. who cheated the government, investors and tax payers b. bribed government officials c. cheated contractors, banks and even workers 5. Captains of Industry successful businesspeople

XIII. The Arts A. Artistic Movements 1. Romanticism simple, valuing one’s emotions, imagination, inspiration, mysticism, etc. (FANTASY) 2. Realism focused on the everyday, ordinary side of life, such as factory workers, slums

XIII. The Arts 3. Impressionism the first impression of a scene, wanted to expose direct or reflected light 4. Science Fiction/Fantasy & Crime Drama first emerge late 1700s, early 1800s as scientific theories & technology propelled the Industrial Revolution

XIII. The Arts A. Literature 1. Charles Dickens (Realism) a. Wrote gritty account of life during the industrial revolution b. Wrote Hard Times, Oliver Twist, Great Expectations, David Copperfield, A Christmas Carol, etc

XIII. The Arts

XIII. The Arts 2. Victor Hugo (Realism) a. wrote Les Miserables about harsh life under the Napoleonic Codes of Louis Napoleon b. Wrote Hunchback of Notre Dame 3. Alexandre Dumas (Realism) a. wrote Three Musketeers & Count of Monte-Cristo b. Of African descent

XIII. The Arts

XIII. The Arts 4. Prominent Science Fiction Writers: A. Mary Shelley wrote Frankenstein (1818) B. HG Wells wrote The Time Machine (1895), Invisible Man (1897), War of the Worlds (1897), First Men on the Moon (1901), etc C. Jules Verne wrote Journey to the Center of the Earth (1864), From Earth to Moon (1865) Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea (1870), Around the World in 80 Days(1873), etc.

XIII. The Arts

XIII. The Arts 5. Crime Drama -A. Sir Author Conan Doyle wrote Sherlock Holmes -B. Edgar Allan Poe  'The Murders in the Rue Morgue  (1841), The Mystery of Marie Roget‘(1843) &  'The Purloined Letter‘ (1845) -C. Charles Dickens Bleak House  (1852)

XIII. The Arts

XIII. The Arts B. Visual Arts 1. Romanticism: emphasizes “imagination, freedom & emotion” Eugene Delacroix “The Lion Hunt”

XIII. The Arts 2. Realism: shows reality, often human suffering Gustave Courbet “The Stone Breakers”

XIII. The Arts 3. Impressionism: a. Goal to show the eye’s 1st impression of an object, scene, etc, b. didn’t blend brush strokes c. captured different types of light & color

XIII. The Arts Impressionists: Impressionists: Edgar Degas “The Dancing Class” Impressionists: Claude Monet “Sunrise”

XIII. The Arts C. Music 1. Romantic Composers (Imaginative & Passionate) a. Ludwig van Beethoven combined classical music & modern instruments b. Frederic Chopin combined traditional folk music & the piano

XIV. Environmental Pollution A. While the Industrial Revolution brought scientific & technological advances, it also ushered in an era of air and water pollution

XIV. Environmental Pollution

XIV. Environmental Pollution B. Air Pollution 1. Smoke flowed from factory towers & filled the air for years in Great Britain 2. Smoke & London Fog= SMOG 3. From 1873-1952 London had several deadly “Black Smog” outbreaks a. 1873 killed 700 people b. 1952 killed 4,000 people

XIV. Environmental Pollution

XIV. Environmental Pollution

XIV. Environmental Pollution 4. Peppered Moth a. originally white with black spots b. after years of pollution became all black c. after years of reforms, light colored moths have returned

XIV. Environmental Pollution Peppered Moth after the Industrial Revolution Peppered Moth before the Industrial Revolution

XIV. Environmental Pollution C. Water Pollution 1. Industrial waste flowed factory pipes into the rivers 2. Human waste flowed the streets into the rivers 3. Factory & human waste resulted in widespread outbreaks

XIV. Environmental Pollution

XIV. Environmental Pollution a. 1832: 20,000 Parisians died of cholera b. 1854: 616 English died of cholera 4. Great Britain built one of the first sewer systems & water filtration in modern history

XIV. Environmental Pollution