MCAS Vocabulary

Commutative Property The property that states if the order of addends or factors is changed the sum or product stays the same. Example: 6 + 5 + 7 = 5 + 7 + 6 7 x 3 x 4 = 3 x 4 x 7

Associative Property The property that states the way addends are grouped or factors are grouped doesn’t change the product or sum. Example: (5+7) + 3 = (3+7) + 5 (7x7) x 3= (3x7) x 7

Distributive Property The property that states multiplying a sum by a number is the same as multiplying each addend by the number and then adding the product. Example: 14 x 21 = 14 x (20 + 1) = (14 x 20) + (14 x 1)

Identity Property Identity Property of Addition: The property that states that the sum of zero and any number is that number. Example: 25 + 0 = 25 or 39 + 0 = 39 Identity Property of Multiplication: The property that states the product of any number and 1 is that number. Example: 12 x 1 = 12 or 50 x 1 = 50

Numerator  

Denominator A part of a fraction that tells how many equal parts are in a whole. Example: the 4 is the denominator.  

Simplest Form The form in which the numerator and denominator of a fraction have no other common factors besides 1. Example: ¾ and ½

Simplify Combining like terms in an algebraic expression or PUTTING A FRACTION IN ITS LOWEST TERMS. Example: 14/28 = ½ Example: 4x + 3x + 7 = 7x + 7

Compatible Numbers Numbers that divide without a remainder, are close to the actual numbers, and are easy to compute with mentally. Example: 27 ÷ 9 =3 When estimating: 348 ÷ 9 = 360 ÷ 9 = 40

Mean  

The middle value in a group of numbers Median The middle value in a group of numbers arranged in order. Example: 1, 7, 8, 4, 3, 2, 5 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7,8, = median = 4

Mode The number or item that occurs the most often in a set of numbers. Example: 7, 3, 5, 6, 2, 1, 5 The mode = 5

The difference between the greatest and least Range The difference between the greatest and least numbers in a group. Example: 23, 4, 7, 18, 9 23 - 4 19 So, 19 is the range of these numbers.

Prime A whole number greater than 1 whose only factors are 1 and itself. Example: 3, 5, 7

Composite A whole number greater than 1 that has more than two whole-number factors. Example: 4, 6, 8, 9

Expression A mathematical phrase that combines operations, numerals, and/or variables to name a number. Examples: 7 x a 6 x 2 x b (3x3) – n

A statement showing that two quantities are equal. Equation A statement showing that two quantities are equal. Example: n + 7 = 15

Quotient  

Dividend