The Global Grid

The global grid makes it possible to state the “absolute location” of a place – exactly where it is. http://www.psdgraphics.com/backgrounds/world-globe-background/ http://matagalatlante.org/nobre/featpost/doc/featexamples.html

Absolute location – longitude & latitude – is like a global address. http://amyrondinel.com/2010/09/home-is-where-the-heart-is/

Los Angeles, California: 34°N 118W° http://www.hightunnels.org/ForEducators/Planning/FullMoonFarmCaseStudy/planningorientationlatitude.htm

Washington, DC: 38°N 77W°

Seattle, Washington: 47°N 122W°

Tulsa, Oklahoma: 36°N 95°W

Oklahoma City: 35°N 97W°

The absolute location of any place is the latitude + the longitude. http://www.ukdivers.net/chartwork/chartintro.htm

http://www.ukdivers.net/chartwork/chartintro.htm

LATITUDE lines are the FLAT lines. http://www.ukdivers.net/chartwork/chartintro.htm

The most famous line of latitude is the Equator. http://www.geolounge.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/latitude.png

The Equator is the longest line of latitude, because it’s at the “fattest” part of the earth. http://www.cliparthut.com/clip-arts/908/globe-with-latitude-lines-908531.jpg

and down by the South Pole – But up by the North Pole – and down by the South Pole – the lines are shorter.

Latitude lines run flat east and west, but they don’t measure how far east or west something is. That’s not my job. That’s longitude’s job! (We’ll get to that later.)

 Latitude lines measure how far north or south you are from the Equator.

Think of LATITUDE like the rungs of a ladder. North Pole Think of LATITUDE like the rungs of a ladder. (ladder sounds like latitude). It’s how you climb up and down the globe. 90°N 60°N 30°N EQUATOR 0° 30°S 60°S 90°S South Pole

Anywhere you are on the 30°N line, you are 30° north of the Equator.

And anywhere you are on the 30°S line, you are 30° south of the Equator.

To find latitude, you climb up and down the globe along the lines of latitude – north or south of the Equator.

To find latitude, you climb up and down the globe along the lines of latitude – north or south of the Equator.

And now, we take a moment to focus on the Equator. . . http://www.geolounge.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/latitude.png

http://www.worldatlas.com/aatlas/newart/locator/equator.htm

on the Equator in Ecuador Mitad del Mundo, Ecuador http://www.elmundodeanders.com/Mitad%20del%20Mundo.htm http://www.southernhorizons.com/images/galapaos/Mapsinf/SAmap.jpg

Mitad del Mundo, Ecuador http://www.leeabbamonte.com/lee/south-america/

and in Brazil not far from Belem, Brazil http://www.questconnect.org/sa_j_brazil_crossing.htm http://www.advrider.com/forums/showthread.php?t=314904

Macapá, Brazil Macapá, Brazil - the large monument in the background is a sundial - on the equinox, the shadow of the circle created by the rising sun falls squarely on the line of the equator. The photo is taken from the northern hemisphere. http://www.flickr.com/photos/teamtrev/35447999/

http://ahunsberger.blogspot.com/2008/01/geog-411-political-maps.html in Gabon http://www.flickr.com/photos/27767476@N04/2987565877/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/33357097@N00/2334967076/

http://www.travelpod.com/travel-photo/bonthorn/1/1210984380/crossing-the-equatorx.jpg/tpod.html in Uganda http://www.travelpod.com/travel-blog-entries/jmo/jmo_world_tour/1088505180/tpod.html

and in Kenya http://www.fimafrica.org/7.html

http://www.wainscoat.com/kenya/samburu.html http://www.travelblog.org/Bloggers/Twiga-Kali/

in Indonesia http://www.horizonsunlimited.com/newsletter/2008-10.shtml http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/main_pop/kpct/ct_seast.htm

Bonjol, Indonesia & Pontianak, Indonesia http://indahnesia.com/picture/SUM/004/equator_monument.php http://www.tripadvisor.com/LocationPhotos-g317101-Pontianak_Borneo.html#27121388

Bethany’s latitude is 35°N, because we are 35° north of the Equator. 

up or down the globe (north or south). Latitude is all about how far you are from the Equator – up or down the globe (north or south).

So remember to think of latitude like the rungs of a ladder. http://www.shoponline2011.com/m~c-laptop-computers~b-462~f-1-646838_679798-679809.aspx http://www.nauticus.org/currptpless01.html

Latitude is how you climb up and down the globe.

questions on latitude. . .

LONGITUDE http://www.ukdivers.net/chartwork/chartintro.htm

Longitude lines are always

EVERY longitude line goes from the South Pole all the way to the North Pole.

f a r t h e s t a p a r t at the Equator. North Pole Lines of longitude are f a r t h e s t a p a r t at the Equator. They get closer together towards the poles. South Pole

Longitude lines tell us how far we are from the Prime Meridian. http://www.ukdivers.net/chartwork/chartintro.htm

Anywhere you are on the 30°E line, you are 30° east of the Prime Meridian. http://www.hammondmap.com/catalog/classroom_activities/latlong1.html

Anywhere you are on the 30°W line, you are 30° west of the Prime Meridian. http://www.hammondmap.com/catalog/classroom_activities/latlong1.html

The Equator is a real location The Equator is a real location. But who decided where to put the Prime Meridian?

In the 1500s, when the Portuguese controlled the Atlantic, they drew the first Prime Meridian passing through the Madeira Islands. Graphicmaps.com

http://www.fotosearch.com/clip-art/spanish.html We control the Atlantic. So, of course, it makes perfect sense that we would put the Prime Meridian through OUR land. WE are the center of the world! Graphicmaps.com Portugal owned the Madeira Islands, so they thought it was a good idea to use THEIR land for the Prime Meridian location.

This Prime Meridian was used by most mapmakers for the next 300 years. http://www.math.nus.edu.sg/aslaksen/gem-projects/hm/0203-1-10-instruments/glossary.htm This Prime Meridian was used by most mapmakers for the next 300 years.

When the British got control of the Atlantic, they set a new Prime Meridian, right through England! Graphicmaps.com

NOW look who’s in charge of the Atlantic NOW look who’s in charge of the Atlantic! England is now the center of the universe, so we will re-draw the Prime Meridian to go through England! http://colquitt.k12.ga.us/wjwpg2/Explorers/explor.htm Graphicmaps.com

In 1884, 25 countries reached agreement at a conference in Washington D.C. that the location in Greenwich, England, would be the “Prime Meridian” - zero degrees. Over a period of many years, other countries accepted and adopted the decision. The main factors that favored Greenwich as the site of the Prime Meridian were:- The fact that Britain had far more shipping and far more ships using the Greenwich Meridian than the rest of the world put together. These charts were started in 1767 by the British Nautical Almanac. That the Greenwich Observatory had been producing data of the highest quality for a very long time. http://www.brannelastronomy.com/articles/meridian.htm

Royal Observatory, Greenwich, England the Prime Meridian http://www.randform.org/blog/?p=1472 http://www.flickr.com/photos/31808957@N04/2993256325/

http://www.flickr.com/photos/black_coffee_blue_jeans/279214384/

in France The French refused to accept the Greenwich Meridian until 1978. Even today, it’s hard to find a Prime Meridian marker in France (unless it’s for the old Paris Meridian!). http://www.flickr.com/photos/12989909@N07/2098367402/

in Spain http://picasaweb.google.com/lh/photo/5xiaEepc3LBmkL8BiYQkMA

http://reference.findtarget.com/search/Greenwich_Mean_Time/

in Ghana http://www.flickr.com/photos/ascentstage/2689066897/

 Bethany’s longitude is 97°W, because we are 97° west of the Prime Meridian.  http://euler.slu.edu/escher/upload/thumb/b/b3/Great-circle-NY-London.svg/300px-Great-circle-NY-London.svg.png

So remember that longitude lines tell us how far east or west we are from the Prime Meridian. http://www.ukdivers.net/chartwork/chartintro.htm

questions on longitude. . .

0° 0° ? Practice http://geographyworldonline.com/tutorial/lesson3.html

This buoy marks where the Prime Meridian and the Equator intersect. http://174.143.247.143/site_media/user_images/krupa/00__jpg_500x500_q85.jpg http://www.fredsplace.org/images/dallas/dallas1/week5/

Hemispheres

northern or southern hemisphere? Is the U.S. in the northern or southern hemisphere? North East West South http://cuwhist.files.wordpress.com/2010/12/world-political-map.jpg

So is the on Maine be 45° N or 45°S? http://www.hightunnels.org/ForEducators/Planning/FullMoonFarmCaseStudy/planningorientationlatitude.htm

western or eastern hemisphere? And is the U.S. in the western or eastern hemisphere? North East West South http://cuwhist.files.wordpress.com/2010/12/world-political-map.jpg

And is the on Maine be 70° E or 70°W? http://www.hightunnels.org/ForEducators/Planning/FullMoonFarmCaseStudy/planningorientationlatitude.htm

So the absolute location of the is 45°N, 70°W. http://www.hightunnels.org/ForEducators/Planning/FullMoonFarmCaseStudy/planningorientationlatitude.htm

Is Peru in the northern or southern hemisphere? East West South http://cuwhist.files.wordpress.com/2010/12/world-political-map.jpg

So is the x on Peru 15° N or 15°S? http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/sanewlat.gif

western or eastern hemisphere? And is Peru in the western or eastern hemisphere? North East West South http://cuwhist.files.wordpress.com/2010/12/world-political-map.jpg

And is the x on Peru 75° W or 75°E?

So the absolute location of the is 15°S, 75°W.

Australia in the northern or southern hemisphere? East West South http://cuwhist.files.wordpress.com/2010/12/world-political-map.jpg

So is the x on Australia 20° N or 20°S?

western or eastern hemisphere? And is Australia in the western or eastern hemisphere? North East West South http://cuwhist.files.wordpress.com/2010/12/world-political-map.jpg

So is the x on Australia 125° W or 125°E?

So the absolute location of the is 25°S, 125°E.