Chapter 14 Vocabulary Review The Federal Bureaucracy

1). A form of organization that operates through 1) A form of organization that operates through impersonal, uniform rules and procedures. Bureaucracy

2) A career government employee. Bureaucrat

3). Mutually dependent and advantageous 3) Mutually dependent and advantageous relationships between bureaucratic agencies, interest groups, and congressional committees. Iron Triangles

4). Use of governmental authority to control or 4) Use of governmental authority to control or change some practice in the private sector. Regulation

5). The lifting of government restrictions on 5) The lifting of government restrictions on business, industry, and professional activities. Deregulation

6). A system of public employment based 6) A system of public employment based on rewarding party loyalists and friends. Spoils System

7) Providing automatic increases to adjust for inflation. Indexing

8) Passed in 1939, it forbade federal employees from running for public office, raising funds for candidates, or engaging in other party activities. Hatch Act

9) Jobs and promotions awarded for political reasons. Patronage

Oversight 10) Legislative or executive review of a particular government program or organization. Can be in response to a crisis of some kind or part of routine review. Oversight

11) The formal instructions that. government issues for implementing 11) The formal instructions that government issues for implementing laws. Regulations

12) A system of public employment in which 12) A system of public employment in which selection and promotion depend on demonstrated performance rather than political patronage. Merit System

13) Review of all executive branch testimony, 13) Review of all executive branch testimony, reports, and draft legislation by the Office of Management and Budget to ensure that each communication to Congress is in accordance with the president’s program. Central Clearance

14) Hiring and promotion based on the merit and 14) Hiring and promotion based on the merit and nonpartisan government service. Civil Service

15). Alternative to Command-and-. Control Policy, with market like 15) Alternative to Command-and- Control Policy, with market like strategies such as rewards used to manage public policy. Incentive System

16) The formal process for making regulations. Rule-Making Process

17) Usually the largest organization in 17) Usually the largest organization in government with the largest mission; also the highest rank in Federal hierarchy. Department

18) Regulations originating from the executive. branch 18) Regulations originating from the executive branch. They are one way method presidents can use to control the bureaucracy. Executive Orders

Senior Executive Service 19) Established by Congress in 1978 as a flexible, mobile corps of senior career executives who worked closely with presidential appointees to manage government. Senior Executive Service

Street Level Bureaucrats 20) Bureaucrats who have constant contact with the public and considerable administrative discretion. Street Level Bureaucrats

Pendleton Civil Service Act 21) It set the merit system and established the Civil Service Commission Pendleton Civil Service Act

Policy Implementation 22) The process of putting a law into practice through bureaucratic rules or spending. Policy Implementation

Office of Personnel Management 23) Agency that administers civil service laws, rules, and regulations. Office of Personnel Management

Administrative Discretion 24) Authority given by Congress to the Federal bureaucracy to use reasonable judgment in implementing the laws. Administrative Discretion

Uncontrollable Spending 25) The portion of the Federal budget that is spent on programs, such as Social Security, that the president and Congress are unwilling to cut. Uncontrollable Spending

Entitlement Programs 26) Programs such as unemployment insurance, disability relief, or disability payments that provide benefits to all eligible citizens. Entitlement Programs

Independent Executive Agencies 27) The government agencies not accounted for by cabinet departments, independent regulatory commissions, and government corporations. Independent Executive Agencies

GS or General Schedule Ratings 28) The schedule for federal employees by which salaries are keyed to rating and experience. GS or General Schedule Ratings

Command-and-Control Policy 29) The typical system of regulation where government tells businesses how to reach certain goals, checks that these commands are followed, and punishes offenders. Command-and-Control Policy

Standard Operating Procedures 30) They ensure consistency and efficiency in bureaucratic decision making. Standard Operating Procedures

Independent Regulatory Commission 31) A government agency or commission within the executive branch which is not part of a cabinet department and whose regulatory power whose independence is protected by Congress. Independent Regulatory Commission

Government Corporation 32) A government agency that operates like a business corporation, created to secure greater freedom of action and flexibility for a particular program. Government Corporation