Table of Contents P. 1- 10c Vocabulary P. 2- Criminal Law (Notes) P. 3- Criminal Law Guided Reading P. 4- Criminal Law P. 5- 10c Content Quiz

Vocabulary Criminal Case- A court determines whether a person accused of breaking the law is guilty or innocent. Probable Cause- Facts that support the belief that an individual is guilty. Bail- Money paid to insure that an individual who has been arrested will appear in court. Arraignment- Court hearing where defendant pleads guilty or innocent. Civil Case- A court settles a dispute between two parties. Plaintiff- The person who brings a complaint to court. Defendant- The person who answers a complaint in court. Felony- A serious crime (murder, kidnapping) Misdemeanors- A less serious crime Due Process- the constitutional protection against unfair governmental actions and laws. 5th Amendment- Prohibits unfair acts from the national government. 14th Amendment- Prohibits unfair acts from state government.

Vocabulary Quiz ________- A court determines whether a person accused of breaking the law is guilty or innocent. ________- Facts that support the belief that an individual is guilty. ________- Money paid to insure that an individual who has been arrested will appear in court. ________- Court hearing where defendant pleads guilty or innocent. ________- A court settles a dispute between two parties. ________- The person who brings a complaint to court. ________- The person who answers a complaint in court. ________- A serious crime (murder, kidnapping) ________- A less serious crime _________- the constitutional protection against unfair governmental actions and laws. ________- Prohibits unfair acts from the national government. ________- Prohibits unfair acts from state government.

Court Questions What court has the power of Judicial Review? What court case established Judicial Review? What type of jurisdiction did the Judiciary Act give the Supreme Court in cases involving gov’t officials? What type of jurisdiction did the constitution give the Supreme Court cases involving gov’t officials? In the end, the Judiciary Act was found to be ______, because it was in conflict with the constitution.

Judicial Review p. 2 West Judicial Review is the power to declare a law or act unconstitutional. The Supreme Court got the power from their decision in the case Marbury Vs. Madison. Federal Courts are “the guardians of the constitution” because they make sure no laws or acts go against the constitution. Constitution is the Supreme Law of the Land

Pg 2 South Questions What do the police need to arrest a person accused of a crime? What kind of jury hears evidence and charges the suspect with a crime? This is where the suspect puts in a plea of guilty or innocent? If a jury finds the defendant guilty the ______sentences the defendant.

Steps in a Criminal Case 1. Police arrest a suspect in order to arrest a suspect they must have probable cause. 2. Suspect appears in front of a judge who sets bail. The judge does not have to give bail. 3. Grand Jury hears evidence & charges the suspect with the crime. The Grand Jury decides if there is enough evidence to put a person on trial. 4. Arraignment is where the suspect puts in their plea of guilty or innocent & the trial judge sets bail and date. 5. Trial: There is a jury of 12 peers. The only way to be found guilty is to get all 12 votes. * Jury finds the defendant guilty. Judge then sentences defendant. Or * Jury finds the defendant innocent. Defendant then goes free.

Use textbook p. 221 2. What is the purpose of our legal system? 3. What 2 kinds of court cases are heard by federal courts. 4. Describe the levels of the typical state court system.

10c Guided Reading Use pg. 69 Coachbook Federal and state courts handle two kinds of cases: ______ cases where crimes have been committed, and civil cases, which involve disputes between two parties. There are two types of crimes _______ and misdemeanors. Usually the police obtain _______ before they make an arrest. They may arrest someone without a warrant if they have _____ ______. The suspect may be released if the judge sets _____ otherwise the suspect is jailed. During the arraignment process, if the defendant pleads not guilty, a _____ date is set. After the ____ is presented in a trial, the jury or judge finds the defendant guilty or innocent. Police _______ a suspect is the first step in the criminal case. An ________ comes before the trial. If the jury finds the defendant not guilty, then the defendant is set ________.

Civil Cases & Juvenile Cases The plantiff files a complaint to recover damages or receive compensation. Case can be heard by a judge or a jury. Case can be be appealed to the Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court. Juvenile Case Cases involving people under the age of 18 Judges have greater latitude in handling Juvenile Cases. Juveniles who commit serious crimes can be tried as adults.

10d Notes Terms to know due process of law: The constitutional protection against unfair governmental actions and laws Due process protections The 5th Amendment prohibits the national government from acting in an unfair manner The 14th Amendment prohibits state and local governments from acting in an unfair manner The Supreme Court has extended the guarantees of the Bill of Rights, based upon the due process clause.