1. The Judicial Branch and The Law Day 4
Civics EOC Review
The Judicial Branch and The Law
Day 4

2. What is jurisdiction?

3. Jurisdiction is a court’s authority to hear and decide cases.
Federal courts have jurisdiction over:
Cases dealing with the Constitution (constitutional law)
Suits involving the federal government
Violations of federal law.

4. What are the 3 levels of Federal Courts?

5. The 3 levels are:
District Courts
U.S. Courts of Appeals
Supreme Court

6. US Appeals courts have what type of jurisdiction?
Appellate jurisdiction
District courts have what type of jurisdiction?
Original jurisdiction

7. The US Courts of Appeals hears what types of cases?

8. They review decisions made in lower courts.

9. Who selects federal judges?
The president, with the approval of the Senate
For how long do they serve?
For life

10. How Many Supreme Court Justices?9
8 Associate and 1 Chief Justice
Who selects these justices?
The president with consent of Senate

11. Marbury v. Madison. Why is it important?
It established the Supreme Court’s power of judicial review or the power to say whether any law or government action is unconstitutional.

12. Where do we get some early ideas of law from?
Code of Hammurabi
Roman Law
Common Law
Law based on precedent or court decisions
What is the function of law?
To keep peace

13. Types of Law CIVIL LAW- CRIMINAL LAW-
involves disputes between people or groups of people.
CRIMINAL LAW-
Law that seeks to prevent people from harming one another or their property

14. WHAT ARE MISDEMEANORS? WHAT ARE FELONIES?
Less serious crimes with less serious consequences.
WHAT ARE FELONIES?
Serious crimes

15. LEGAL PROTECTIONS IN THE US:
Write of habeas corpus
Bills of attainder
Ex post facto law

16. RIGHTS OF THE ACCUSSED:
4th Amendment
5th Amendment
6th Amendment
8th Amendment
Miranda Warning- Miranda v. Arizona

17. CIVIL CASES: Include a plaintiff The person bringing the lawsuit
And includes of defendant- the party being sued.

18. CRIMINAL CASES- Procedures
Arrest
Preliminary hearing
Indictment- formally charge with crime
Arraignment- “pleadings”
Plea bargain
Trial
Acquittal (set free) or Sentencing (guilty)

19. What is a hung jury?

20. A jury that can not agree on a verdict, even after days of discussion and many votes.

21. What is a juvenile?

22. Someone not yet legally an adult

23. Who are juvenile delinquents?
Young people that commit crimes.

24. Important Court Cases

25. McCulloch v. Maryland:
1819; ruled that in a conflict between national and state power, the national government is supreme.
Hazlewood v. Kuhkneier:
1988; school administrators can edit student publications if doing so educationally.

26. Brown v. Board of Education
1954; began integration of public schools.
Plessy v. Ferguson
1896; began “separate but equal” facilities.

27. -interpreted the 6th Amend.
Mapp v. Ohio
1914; declared that evidence obtained without proper police searches is unconstitutional in state criminal cases.
Gideon v. Wainwright
1963; guarantted an attorney for all, even if you could not afford one.
-interpreted the 6th Amend.

28. Tinker v. Des Moines
- Guaranteed students rights to freedom of expression in public schools.
Baake v. Regents of the University of California
Affirmative action; got rid of quota systems in college admissions

29. Korematsu v. United States
ruling that the exclusion order leading to Japanese American Internment was constitutional