1. Criminal and Civil Law

2. Warm Up Quiz A Day 1. What was our warm up on March 2nd ?
2. What was our objective on March 8th?
3. What was our warm up on March 22nd?
4. What was our objective on March 20th?
5. What was our warm up on March 6th ?

3. Warm Up Quiz B Day 1. What was our warm up on March 5th ?
2. What was our objective on March 9th?
3. What was our warm up on March 23rd?
4. What was our objective on March 21st?
5. What was our warm up on March 7th ?

4. Civil Law
Dispute between two or more individuals or between individuals and the government
Arise because one party believes they have suffered at the hands of the other party

5. Types of Civil Law Contracts Property Law Family Law
Tort – any wrongful act other than a broken contract for which a person may sue

6. Steps in a Civil Case Plaintiff – files comPLAINt against DEFENDant
Defendant receives a summons that explains the lawsuit
90% of civil suits are settled outside of court
Out of court settlement – defendant pays a lump sum of money to avoid a trial
Mediation – when plaintiff & defendant use lawyers to try to reach a agreement out of court so as to avoid a trial.
Arbitration – when both parties agree to abide by the decision of a unbiased third person. They submit a written argument to that person, who makes a legally binding decision.
May take years to go to court

7. Criminal Law
The State or Federal government charges someone with a crime
Government is the prosecution and the defendant is the person being accused
Crimes are anything that breaks a criminal law and causes injury or harm to others or society in general

8. Types of Criminal Law
Petty Offenses – illegal parking, littering, disturbing peace
Results in citations/tickets
Misdemeanors – vandalism, stealing inexpensive items, disorderly conduct
Results in fines or jail (1 year or less)
Felonies – burglary, kidnapping, arson, murder
Results in imprisonment for a year or more or even the death penalty

9. Steps in Criminal Cases
Investigation and arrest – police investigate the crime and issue an official arrest warrant with the suspect’s name and the crime committed on it
Must be brought to a judge ASAP to be read rights and be formally charged (habeus corpus). May claim guilty or not guilty.
Claims not guilty – case goes to Grand Jury
90% of cases end with plea bargaining – pleading guilty for a lesser punishment
If accused of a Felony you may choose between a jury trial or just a judge
Jury hears trial, decides guilty or not, judge sentences

10. Steps in a Criminal Case
These steps are due process. Due process are the steps everyone must go through when being charged in a criminal case.
Substantive due process –certain rights of an individual, some specified in the Constitution (ex. Free speech), others not (right to make personal decisions).
Procedural due process – provides protection that ensure that constitutional law and statutory (all other laws) rights are protected by law enforcement.
Why do we need both types of due process?

11. Let’s look at an example….
Judge Judy:

12. What do you think?
How can a person be charged with a crime in both a criminal and civil case?
What constitutes probable cause when dealing with search and seizure?
Why would someone opt for an out of court settlement or plea bargain?
Would you rather have a trial by jury or by judge? Why?