It’s so sad, it’s the end of an era…… Which path should we take?

Welcome to Class: Review Day! Timelines out please Knowledge Café = exchange of ideas and learning. One person stays, the others rotate each round. Review last round Answer new questions Rotate to a new leader

Recap: What are the years of this era? What is the overall theme? Why is it called the “classical” era?

Recap: What are the years of this era? 600 BCE – 600 CE 2) What is the overall theme? Organization and Reorganization of Societies 3) Why is it called the “classical” era? Because it acts as a model or sets the examples that later empires/ societies borrow from or reform.

Round 1 Historians have to draw a line at some point to mark the end of the one era, and the beginning of the next. This line signifies a major change or some kind, a pattern. What was the big change at the end of Period 1: 8000 BCE – 600 BCE? What is the big change at the end of Period 2: 600 BCE – 600 CE?

Round 1 Historians have to draw a line at some point to mark the end of the one era, and the beginning of the next. This line signifies a major change or some kind, a pattern. What was the big change at the end of Period 1: 8000 BCE – 600 BCE? The development of larger and more complex states and societies (river valley way is sooooo outdated!) What is the big change at the end of Period 2: 600 BCE – 600 CE? The collapse of these larger and complex empires or govts, along with the rise of religion.

Round 2: Reviewing the fall of Rome What did “ROME” stand for in our notes External Threats: Name two Internal Threats: Name two

Round 2: Reviewing the fall of Rome What did “ROME” stand for in our notes External Threats: Name two Nomadic tribes invading Introduction of pathogens Internal Threats: Name two Corrupt rulers Military weakness due to using foreign troops and alliances Peasant and urban poor revolts Lack of unifying aspect to society when govt breaks down Elites no longer ruling, choosing luxury and personal pleasure over service to govt, society Lack of new knowledge and technology Loss of population, loss of taxes. Struggling for $$$

The Split of the Roman Empire… When, Why, Big Deal? Why did it split into two? What were the two capital cities? Which one had a greater advantage and why? What is the name of the eastern side after the fall of the west?

The Split of the Roman Empire… When, Why, Big Deal? Why did it split into two? To hopefully deal better with threat of nomadic groups and get territory under control. 2. What were the two capital cities? Rome, Byzantium (later Constantinople) Which one had a greater advantage and why? Probably the east, better strategic location, more geographical barriers, more important trade. What is the name of the eastern side after the fall of the west? Byzantine Empire

Round 4: China (Han) Name two external threats to the Han Name two internal problems for the Han What did “CHINA” stand for?

Round 4: China (Han) Name two external threats to the Han Northern nomads threaten border, The plague and pathogens Name two internal problems for the Han Peasant revolts, loss of tax revenue due to population loss, deforestation which leads to flooding, bribes to nomads draining treasury, corrupt bureaucrats and emperors who are weak, palace intrigue What did “CHINA” stand for?

Round 5: Expansion and Integration: An empire must accomplish both to be successful. I think you get what expansion is…… What is integration? What are the two things that you have to integrate if an empire is to be successful?

Round 5: Expansion and Integration: An empire must accomplish both to be successful. I think you get what expansion is…… What is integration? What are the two things that you have to integrate if an empire is to be successful? Including and merging new items into a whole. For empires, this means that land and people must be fully integrated into the system. Rome and China both work to do this with some success but failure in the long run.

Round 6: How does trade transform regions and empires? Give three major impacts of the intensification of trade.

Round 6: How does trade transform regions and empires? Give three major impacts of the intensification of trade. Growth of empires—empires expand to access and protect trade. spreading of germs, knowledge, technology, crops Spreading of religions! (Buddhism, Christianity)

Round 7: Empires in order Put these in chronological order: Persia, Rome, Mauryan, Qin, Han, Greek City-states, Gupta

Round 7: Empires in order Put these in chronological order (peak of power): Persia Greek City-States Mauryan Qin Han Rome Gupta

Round 8: Organization of People/ Society What organized society in Rome, India, and China? Which society gave women a few more freedoms than the others? How did Christianity challenge the Roman authorities? How did Buddhism challenge the Indian rulers? How did rulers use religion to establish legitimacy in China, India, and Rome?

Round 8: Organization of People/ Society What organized society in Rome, India, and China? Rome—law and military and local rule, India – Hinduism and caste system China—Confucian hierarchies 2) Which society gave women a few more freedoms than the others? Rome (still patriarchal but could own business or inherit money) How did Christianity challenge the Roman authorities? Disrupts local rule system of empire, later Christians would not participate in honoring the Caesar as part god or worship Roman idols. How did Buddhism challenge the Indian rulers? It did not accept the caste system. Buddhism, although temporarily embraced by Ashoka, was not accepting by upper castes for good reason. How did rulers use religion to establish legitimacy in China, India, and Rome? China = through the Mandate of Heaven and obligation to honor rulers in Confucian thought. India = caste system forces people to accept hierarchies, Rome = Caesar over time becomes god-like figure,

Round 9: Trade Routes What is the longest trade route? What trade route links India to Africa? What trade route is the major focus of Rome? What are China’s exports? Which trade route is dominated by the pattern of monsoon winds?

Round 9: Trade Routes What is the longest trade route? Silk Road What trade route links India to Africa? Indian Ocean Trade routes What trade route is the major focus of Rome? Mediterranean Sea routes What are China’s exports? Porcelain, silk Which trade route is dominated by the pattern of monsoon winds? Indian Ocean trade routes

Round 10: Religion What was the major problem Christianity posed to Jewish local rulers? Which religion was destroyed by Alexander the Great? Name two monotheistic religions that are growing at the end of this era. Describe how both Christianity and Buddhism are spread What trend do we see in belief systems at the end of the classical era?

Round 10: Religion What was the major problem Christianity posed to Jewish local rulers? It challenges their political control, religiously and also local laws. Which religion was destroyed by Alexander the Great? Zoroastrianism Name two monotheistic religions that are growing at the end of this era. Judaism, Christianity Describe how both Christianity and Buddhism are spread Along trade routes What trend do we see in belief systems at the end of the classical era? They intensify, grow, and spread to new regions