Umm Al-Qura University بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم Umm Al-Qura University Health Sciences College at Al-Leith Department of Public Health Lecture (12)

Teania solium and Teania saginata

Objectives 1/ Know of Teania solium and Teania saginata classification and Geographical distribution. 2/ Study of Teania solium and Teania saginata External Morphology , Habitat, Life cycle, Mode of Transmission, Pathogenicity. 3/ Show Symptoms of Teaniasis disease. 4/ Show Laboratory diagnosis of Teania solium and Teania saginata. 5/ Know of Treatment and prevention.

Taenia saginata (Beef Tapeworm)

Morphology: 1- T. saginata is a long flattened ribbon-like tapeworm that is white in color. 2- It is about 6 to 7 milimeters in width. The adult T. saginata usually grows to be about 4 to 8 meters in length. 3- it has 4 suckers but no hooks.

Infections with T. saginata occur wherever contaminated raw beef is eaten, particularly in Eastern Europe, Russia, eastern Africa and Latin America. Taeniasis due to T. saginata is in places where cattle and people are concentrated and sanitation is poor, such as around feed lots when cattle can be exposed to human feces.

Teania saginata Egg

Taenia solium (Pork Tapeworm)

Morpholphology 1- T. solium is a flattened like tapeworm that is white in color. Although it is very morphologically similar to the T. saginata, 2- T. solium is slightly shorter and have a modified scolex. The attachment organ, or scolex, has 4 large suckers with a double row of hooks. 3- The adult tape worm grows to be about 6mm in width and 2-7 m in length with about 800 segments.

Teania solium T. solium are more prevalent in under-developed communities with poor sanitation and where people eat raw or undercooked pork. Higher rates of illness have been seen in people in Latin America, Eastern Europe, sub-Saharan Africa, India, and Asia.

Life cycle & Transmission 0f T.solium 1- T. solium has a very similar transmission to T. saginata. Humans are the only known definitive hosts for the T. solium. 2- Human infection begins with the ingestion of infected raw or undercooked pork. 3- The T. solium larvae gets digested out of the meat and attaches itself to the upper small intestine region. 4- There it will mature and increase its number of segments.

symptoms symptoms associated with tapeworm infection. For both the T. saginata and T. solium, patients have had: 1- diarrhea. 2- Constipation. 3- Flatulence. 4- hunger pain, 5- weight loss, and appendicitis. Taeniasis infection may also compromise the immune system. Especially in young children, this may have a profound effect on their health.

Diagnosis T. saginata and T. solium are virtually identical in morphology. However, identification at the species level can be made by the number of lateral uterine branches in the gravid and differing scolexes. Compare the two in the picture.

T. solium has 7 to 13 branches T. saginata has 15 to 20 branches

Treatment Both T. saginata and T. solium are treated with oral medication, usually in a single dose of the drug niclosamide. Therapy is usually very successful and most cases are completely eradicated.

Prevention & Control One way to prevent Taeniasis is: 1- to cook meat to safe temperatures. 2- A food thermometer should be used to measure the internal temperature of cooked meat. 3- Do not sample meat until it is cooked. For Ground Meat (excluding poultry): Cook to at least 160° F (71° C); ground meats do not require a rest* time.

Thanks Radia 29