Most of the important things in the world have been accomplished by people who have kept on trying when there seemed to be no hope at all   – Dale.

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Presentation transcript:

Most of the important things in the world have been accomplished by people who have kept on trying when there seemed to be no hope at all   – Dale Carnegie

Another lesson for life – silicon vs. silicone

Creep Relaxation

Creep of cellulose acetate

Relaxation in PMMA 400C 600C 920C 800C 1000C Log E(t), (dynes/cm2) 7 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 100 1000 Stress relaxation of PMMA Time (hours) 400C Log E(t), (dynes/cm2) 600C 800C 920C 1000C 1100C 1120C 1150C 1200C 1250C 1350C Relaxation in PMMA

Creep & recovery

Some specific polymers Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) {-C-C-}n Cl H H H – Very rigid and strong, Tg = 60-80 C siding, pipe, conduit, usw. Presence of Cl gives rise to solubility in various organic solvents - allows "solvent welding"

Some specific polymers Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) {-C-C-}n Cl H H H – Presence of Cl gives rise to solubility in various organic solvents Rigid PVC difficult to form by some techniques (e.g., calendaring)……so add solvent as "plasticizer" PVC sheet then roll-formed onto fabric backing and - voilá - "vinyl"!

Some specific polymers Rigid PVC difficult to form by some techniques (e.g., calendaring)……so add solvent as "plasticizer" PVC sheet then roll-formed onto fabric backing and - voilá - "vinyl"! Problem: solvent slowly evaporates, esp. when (auto) vinyl seats & fascia heated by sun Armorall to the rescue! Periodically put solvent back into polymer

silicones Some specific polymers Oils - Low MW……liquids lubricants, hydraulic fluids, water repellants, usw. Elastomers - intermediate MW, crosslinked waterproofing, caulk, prostheses, usw. Molding compds - high MW, crosslinked non-structural parts, insulation, usw. Crosslinking – moisture reacts w/parts of chain to crosslink……acetic acid is byproduct of rxn

Rotation of bonds

Some specific polymers {-O-C-O- -C- -}n H O H-C-H H-C-H H polycarbonate Non-crystalline, nearly as strong as highly crystalline nylon, but tougher (stiff chain, pendant groups, H bonding betwn chains) High TM – form at elevated temps

Some specific polymers {-C- -C-N- -N-}n O H aramid Nylon cousin, but far stronger (very stiff chain) Non-burning, very high TM, solvent resistant When made into fibers ––> Kevlar

Some specific polymers H2C-C-C{-O- -C- -O-}nC-C-CH2 H-C-H H epoxy O Some specific polymers hardener H2N-R-NH2 Prepregs

Assignment: Review today's classnotes a. creep, relaxation, recovery b. PVC c. plasticizers d. polycarbonates e. aramids, Kevlar f. epoxies, prepregs