Protists

POINT > Identify 3 major groups of protists POINT > Describe 4 types of “animal-like” protists POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists POINT > Describe 3 types of “fungi-like” protists POINT > Explain why protists are important in nature

Protist characteristics All protists are eukaryotic Most protists are unicellular One of the first groups of living things (1.5 billion years ago) Protists are very important in ecological food chains Some protists cause disease in humans “Protists” are not really one group

POINT > Identify 3 major groups of protists 1. Animal-like Protists: Animal-like protists: 1. Move on their own 2. Are heterotrophs (eat other organisms for energy)

POINT > Identify 3 major groups of protists 2. Plant-like Protists: Like plants, most plant-like protists do not move on their own and are autotrophs (use photosynthesis for energy)

POINT > Identify 3 major groups of protists 3. Fungi-like Protists: Like fungi, these organisms are heterotrophs and get energy by decomposing dead organisms

CHECK: Do protist cells have a nucleus? What are the three main groups of protists? Are most protists unicellular or multicellular?

POINT > Describe 4 types of “animal-like” protists Animal-like protists are also called protozoans All animal-like protists are unicellular There are four groups: 1. Sarcodines : Example is amoeba Amoeba move using pseudopods Use pseudopods to capture food: www.youtube.com/watch?v=pvOz4V699gk

POINT > Describe 4 types of “animal-like” protists There are four groups: 2. Ciliates : Example is paramecium Move using cilia http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sn3MTYNe8m M

POINT > Describe 4 types of “animal-like” protists There are four groups: 3. Flagellates: Flagellates move using a whip-like structure, the flagella

POINT > Describe 4 types of “animal-like” protists There are four groups: 4. Parasitic protists: Example Plasmodium doesn’t move on its own Plasmodium causes the disease malaria Malaria is transmitted by mosquito in tropical regions

CHECK: What are the four groups of animal-like protists? How do amoeba move? How does a paramecium move? How does Plasmodium move? Are flagellates prokaryotic or eukaryotic? Are ciliates unicellular or multicellular? What protist causes the disease malaria?

POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists Plant-like protists can be unicellular or multicellular Plant-like protists are autotrophs: make their own food using light energy (photosynthesis) 70% of the Earth’s oxygen is produced by plant-like protists

POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists 1. Euglena 2. Diatoms 3. Dinoflagellates 4. Red Algae 5. Green Algae 6. Brown Algae

POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists 1. Euglena Green color for photosynthesis Can move using flagella Live in fresh water Can be a heterotroph under certain conditions Eyespot: sensitive to light

POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists 2. Diatoms Diatoms have a glass-like cell wall with geometric shapes Diatoms are used in toothpaste, car polish & reflective paint

POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists 3. Dinoflagellates Two flagella Some can glow in the dark Dinoflagellates can cause Red Tide: poisons from dinoflagellates kills fish

POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists 4. Red algae Multicellular “seaweeds” Live in deep ocean waters Common as food in some Asian and European countries

POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists 5. Green algae Most green algae are unicellular Green algae can live in water and on land in wet places Green algae are closely related to plants

6. Brown algae Brown algae can contain brown, green, yellow, orange and black pigments. Giant kelp can be 100 meters long! POINT > Describe 6 types of “plant-like” protists

CHECK: What are the six groups of plant-like protists? Which type of plant-like protist causes Red Tide? Which type of plant-like protist can eat other organisms? Which type of plant-like protist has glass-like cell walls? Which group of plant-like protists do giant kelp belong to? Are most green algae unicellular or multicellular? Which plant-like protists live in very deep water?

POINT > Describe 3 types of “fungi-like” protists Fungi-like protists are heterotrophs that get energy from dead organisms Fungi-like protists reproduce with spores: tiny cells that are able to grow into a new organism Fungi-like protists are both unicellular and multicellular

POINT > Describe 3 types of “fungi-like” protists 1. Water molds 2. Downy molds 3. Slime molds Live in water or wet places These molds attack some plants: Caused the Irish Potato Famine (1840’s)

POINT > Describe 3 types of “fungi-like” protists Slime molds reproduce by fruiting bodies with spores www.youtube.com/watch?v= GY_uMH8Xpy0

CHECK: What are two characteristics of fungi-like protists? What are the 3 groups of fungi-like protists? What is a spore? Are fungi-like protists autotrophs or heterotrophs?

POINT > Explain why protists are important in nature Protists produce most of earth’s oxygen Protists are the foundation for food chains in the oceans Protists are important as decomposers

Homework: Read pages 226-235 S.A. #1-3 page 235 GRAS pages 94-97 Finish Study Guide