1. Protists: Plant-like Protists and Fungus-like Protists

2. Plant-like Protists Unicellular or Multicellular?
Both!!
Autotroph or Heterotroph?
Autotroph!!
Uses Chlorophyll or Accessory Pigments
To make their own food
Where do they live?
Soil
The barks of trees
Fresh water
Salt water

3. Plant-like Protists How are they divided into Phyla?
Number of cells and complexity
We will learn about six groups.
Euglenoids
Diatoms
Dinoflagellates
Red Algae
Brown Algae
Green Algae

4. Plant-like Protists
Euglenoids are green, unicellular algae that are found mostly in fresh water.
Unlike other algae, euglenoids can be heterotrophs under certain conditions

5. Plant-like Protists Diatoms Diatoms are unicellular protists
Some float on the surface of freshwater and saltwater
Others attach to objects such as rocks in shallow water.
Diatoms move by oozing slime out of slits in their cell walls.
Cell walls of dead diatoms are used to make toothpastes and household scouring products as well as in swimming pool filters and insecticides.

6. Plant-like Protists Dinoflagellates
Dinoflagellates are unicellular algae covered by stiff plates that look like a suit of armor.
Dinoflagellates exist in a variety of colors.
All dinoflagellates have two flagella
Can be the cause of a Red Tide
Red Tide - red tides occur most often when there is an increase in nutrients in the water
Red tides are dangerous when the toxins that the algae produce become concentrated in the bodies of organisms that consume the algae

7. Plant-like Protists Red Algae
Almost all red algae are multicellular seaweeds.
Red algae growing at depths greater than 260 meters.
Carrageenan in Red algae is used in products such as ice creams and hair conditioners.
For people in many Asians cultures, red algae is a nutrient-rich delicacy that is eaten fresh, dried, or toasted.

8. Plant-like Protists Brown Algae
Brown algae contain brown green, yellow, and orange pigments.
Holdfasts anchor the alga to rocks.
Stalks support the blades, which are the leaflike structures of the alga.
Brown algae also have gas-filled sacs called bladders that allow the algae to float upright in the water.
Brown algae flourish in cool, rocky waters.
The giant kelps form large underwater “forests” where many organisms, including sea otters and abalone, live.
Some people eat brown algae for their nutrients and can be found in foods such as puddings and salad dressings.

9. Plant-like Protists Green Algae
All green algae contain green pigments.
Most green algae are unicellular, some form colonies, and a few are multicellular.
An example is green seaweed, washed up on a beach.
Most green algae live in either freshwater or saltwater surroundings.
Few live on land and are found along the bases of trees or in moist soils.

10. Plant-like Protists
Saltwater algae bloom versus a freshwater algae bloom
Both are a rapid increase in algae growth due to an increase in nutrient in the water
Saltwater?
Red Tide
Freshwater?
Eutrophication
nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus build up in a lake or pond over time, causing an increase in the growth of algae.

11. Plant-like Protists Why is eutrophication bad? Nutrient increase
Algae increase too much
Algae then dies
Bacteria break down algae
To breakdown all the algae bacteria use up a lot of oxygen
Not enough oxygen for fish and other animals and they die

12. Fungus-like Protists Why Fungus–like? Have cell walls like fungus
Decomposers like fungi
Reproduce with spores like fungi

13. Fungus-like Protists Why not fungus then?
Fungus like protist are able to move at some point of their life cycle.
True fungi do not move!

14. Fungus-like Protists Three types of Fungus-like protists.
The three types of fungus-like protists are:
water molds
downy mildews
slime molds

15. Fungus-like Protists Water molds and downy mildews What do they do?
Live in water and moist places
grow as tiny threads that look like a fuzzy covering
What do they do?
attack food crops, such as potatoes, cabbages, corn, and grapes
Cause of Irish potato famine

16. Fungus-like Protists Slime Molds
live in moist soil and on decaying plants and trees (fallen logs , dead leaves, forest floors).
Slime molds are often beautifully colored.
They move like an amoeba forming pseudopods.
Slime molds feed on bacteria, other microorganisms and decaying matter.

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