Naming Compounds: cations and anions

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Naming Compounds: cations and anions www.assignmentpoint.com

Elements and symbols that you should know: Part 1 – The obvious ones: Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen H He Li Be B C N Oxygen Fluorine Neon Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus O F Ne Mg Al Si P www.assignmentpoint.com

Some more obvious ones: Sulphur Chlorine Argon S Cl Ar 18) Calcium 19) Zinc Ca Zn The less obvious ones: Sodium Potassium Iron Copper Silver Na K Fe Cu Ag 6) Tin 7) Gold 8) Mercury 9) Lead Sn Au Hg Pb www.assignmentpoint.com

Polyatomic ions (-1 charge) H2PO4 DiHydrogen phosphate C2H3O2 Acetate HSO3 Hydrogen Sulfite HCO3 Hydrogen Carbonate NO2 Nitrite NO3 Nitrate CN Cyanide OH Hydroxide MnO4 Permanganate ClO Hypochlorite ClO2 Chlorite ClO3 Chlorate ClO4 Perchlorate www.assignmentpoint.com

Polyatomic ions (-2 charge) HPO4 Hydrogen Phosphate C2O4 Oxalate SO3 Sulfite SO4 Sulfate CO3 Carbonate CrO4 Chromate Cr2O7 Dichromate SiO3 Silicate www.assignmentpoint.com

Polyatomic ions (-3 charge) PO3 Phosphite PO4 Phosphate www.assignmentpoint.com

Rule 1– If two identical elements combine then the name doesn’t change This happens with the following elements: H2 N2 O2 F2 Cl2 Br2 These elements always go around in pairs (diatomic molecules). For example, hydrogen looks like this: www.assignmentpoint.com

e.g. Magnesium + oxygen magnesium oxide Rule 2 – When two elements join and one is a halogen, oxygen or sulphur the name ends with ____ide e.g. Magnesium + oxygen magnesium oxide Sodium + chlorine Magnesium + fluorine Lithium + iodine Chlorine + copper Oxygen + iron KBr LiCl CaO MgS KF www.assignmentpoint.com

e.g. Sodium + hydrogen + oxygen Sodium hydroxide Rule 3 – When three or more elements combine and two of them are hydrogen and oxygen the name ends with hydroxide e.g. Sodium + hydrogen + oxygen Sodium hydroxide Potassium + hydrogen + oxygen Lithium + hydrogen + oxygen Calcium + hydrogen + oxygen Mg(OH)2 www.assignmentpoint.com

e.g. Copper + sulphur + oxygen Copper sulphate Rule 4 – When three or more elements combine and one of them is oxygen the ending is _____ate e.g. Copper + sulphur + oxygen Copper sulphate Calcium + carbon + oxygen Potassium + carbon + oxygen Calcium + sulphur + oxygen Magnesium + chlorine + oxygen Calcium + oxygen + nitrogen AgNO3 H2SO4 K2CO3 www.assignmentpoint.com

Covalent formulae Ionic formulae H2O CO2 NH3 H2 O2 N2 SO2 Water Carbon dioxide Ammonia Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Sulphur dioxide NaCl CaCl2 MgO HCl H2SO4 HNO3 NaOH Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 Al2O3 Fe2O3 Sodium chloride Calcium chloride Magnesium oxide Hydrochloric acid Sulphuric acid Nitric acid Sodium hydroxide Calcium hydroxide Calcium carbonate Aluminium oxide Iron oxide www.assignmentpoint.com

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