Bell Ringer Where is the energy in ATP stored? Be VERY specific. How does that energy get released? THEN: Think of a time when you used a coupon. What was the benefit of using the coupon? Discuss with your group.

Enzymes & Coupons Activation Energy = cost of the reaction Enzymes are like coupons because they reduce the cost of the chemical reaction (activation energy).

What do they have in common? With Your Group Make a list of things that can be used to INCREASE the SPEED of something or how FAST something happens. What do they have in common?

Enzymes & Speed Substances that speed up chemical reactions are called CATALYSTS. Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions because they lower the cost of the reaction. Since it does not require as much energy, the reaction can happen faster.

Using your scissors and construction paper, make a 2 piece puzzle. Make a Puzzle Using your scissors and construction paper, make a 2 piece puzzle. 1 piece should be larger than the other.

Enzymes & Shape Enzymes have to fit together with the substrates (reactants) in order to work. They fit together at the active site. If they do not fit together, the enzyme cannot do its job.

Name ____________ Period ___ EXPLAIN using complete sentences: How is an enzyme like a coupon? How is an enzyme like a puzzle?

Videos Bitesize – Enzymes Enzymes - a fun introduction Enzymes & PacMan Function of Enzymes

Enzyme Foldable

Tabs Tab 1: Basic Enzyme Information Tab 2: Enzyme-Substrate Complex Tab 3: Factors that Affect Enzyme Action Tab 4: Examples of Biological Enzymes Center: Enzyme Characteristics Reusable or NOT Reusable Specific or NOT Specific Effect on Activation Energy Most Enzyme Names End with -____.

Tab 1: Basic Enzyme Information Enzymes - Protein that acts as a biological catalyst; speed up chemical reactions by lowering the amount of activation energy needed to start the chemical reaction. Activation Energy – the amount of energy each chemical reaction needs to begin (enzymes reduce how much is needed) Substrate – the reactant(s) that will combine/come apart when attached to the enzyme Products – the substances that are produced by the chemical reactions (the ENZYME is NOT a product!) Active Site – site on enzyme where substrates bind to

Tab 2: Enzyme-Substrate Complex The enzyme and substrate(s) MUST have COMPLIMENTARY shapes (not identical/same) so that they can fit together like a LOCK & KEY. If the enzyme is not the right shape, it can’t speed up the chemical reaction (CAN’T WORK).

Tab 3: Factors that Affect Enzyme Action Enzymes work best at specific temperatures and pH. If they get out of that range, they don’t work as well or sometimes at all. Most enzymes work best around a NEUTRAL pH (7) and a ‘normal’ body temperature (98.6oF or 37oC) Extreme pH – (Strong Base (10-14) or Strong Acid (0-3) can DENATURE enzymes. Hot Temperatures DENATURE enzymes too so that they will NOT work all Cold Temperatures SLOW DOWN the reaction but do NOT permanently change the enzyme. DENATURE = Change the enzyme’s shape so it CAN NOT ever work again

Tab 4: Examples of Biological Enzymes Enzymes are BIOLOGICAL CATALYSTS. They speed up chemical reactions in cells/living things. Enzymes usually end with “-ASE’ Example: Pepsin (a type of Protease) Other Examples: Catalase Helicase RNA Polymerase Ligase Lactase Protease Amylase Lipase

Center: Enzyme Characteristics Enzymes are reusable. They are NOT a part of the reaction. As long as enzymes are the right shape, they get used over and over again. Enzymes are VERY specific to the reaction that they catalyze. (LOCK & KEY) Enzymes LOWER or REDUCE the amount of activation energy needed for the chemical reaction BECAUSE they WEAKEN the chemical bonds in the reactant(s). The names of enzymes usually end with “-ASE”

Videos What are Enzymes - How Do They Work? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vTQybDgweiE Enzymes- a fun introduction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XTUm-75-PL4 How Enzymes Work [HD Animation] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r1ryDVgx0zw Enzymes and...Pac-Man? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XUn64HY5bug Enzyme Song https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NdMVRL4oaUo Function of Enzymes (snowmen example) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wp_yyDEEC3k Enzymes & their Activity https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Nw6XOqKuWg