There are many different types of government around the world. World of Governments There are many different types of government around the world. government – the people and groups within a society that have the authority to… (1) make laws (2) make sure they are carried out (3) settle disagreements about them.

Limited Governments A limited government is one in which the powers of the leaders are limited. This means that all laws apply to everyone, even the leaders of the country.

Saddam Hussein (Dictator) Unlimited Government An unlimited government is a government in which the leaders have unlimited power. This means that the leaders do not have to follow the same laws they set up for their citizens. Saddam Hussein (Dictator)

Monarchy monos means “single” and arkein means “rule” A form of government in which ruling power is in the hands of one person.

Monarchy Citizens pay taxes to the king and obey his laws in exchange for protection. The king rules for life and passes the crown to his oldest son when he dies.

Oligarchy oligos means “few” and arkein means “rule” A form of government in which the power is in the hands of a few people.

Oligarchy Oligarchs ruled strictly. Citizens had very little say in how the city-state was run. The people were treated like slaves. Finally, the citizens hired mercenaries called “HOPLITES” to intimidate the oligarchs.

Oligarchy MERCENARIES are paid soldiers that perform a service for the one that hires them. The Hoplites intimidated the oligarchs until they left town.

Tyranny tyrannos means “usurper with supreme power” A form of government in which ruling power is in the hands of a person who has taken control – often illegally – through fraud and deception

Tyranny When a tyrant first took control, he changed laws, cancelled debt, and helped the poor. Tyrants were well-liked until they became mean and greedy. They were overthrown by the citizens and kicked out of town.

demos means “people” and kratos means “power” Democracy demos means “people” and kratos means “power” A form of government in which ruling power is in the hands of the people.

Democracy The city of Athens, Greece was the birth place of democracy. In a democracy, ONLY (1) free, (2) adult, (3) male, (4) citizens, (5) that owned land (were rich) were able to participate in Athenian government.

Republic A republic is a nation or state in which the citizens elect representatives to manage the government. The government is usually led by a president. The Romans were the first people to create this form of government.

Republic The United States is a Republic. We elect officials to make political decisions that are good for the people and our country as a whole.

Parliamentary A council or congress is the highest lawmaking body in the country.

Parliamentary Some parliaments are made up entirely of elected representatives. Others have both elected and appointed or hereditary members. Examples today are the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia.

Theocracy theos means “God” and kratein means “rule” A form of government in which their God is recognized as the supreme ruler. The state may be ruled by priests or other religious officials acting in God’s name.

Theocracy – Vatican City World’s smallest country. Population <800 0.17 square miles Home of Pope Francis, the leader of the Catholic Church.

Theocracy – Vatican City

“The Father of Communism” A government system in which most or all property is owned by the state and is supposed to be shared by all. VLADAMIR LENIN “The Father of Communism”

STALIN Leader of USSR during the Cold War. Communism It is a political and economic system that became one of the most powerful forces in the world. It shaped much of history from the early 1900's to the 1990's. JOSEPH STALIN Leader of USSR during the Cold War. Some people have considered Communism the greatest threat to world peace. Others-as the world's greatest hope.

ADOLF HITLER and the NAZI Party during WWII Fascism This form of government headed, in most cases, by a dictator. It involves total government control of political, economic, cultural, religious, and social activities. ADOLF HITLER and the NAZI Party during WWII

Fascism Between 1936 and 1945 Germany and Italy were under fascist rule. Fascism resembles communism. HITLER MUSSOLINI

Fascism Fascism believes in an extreme nationalism (pride in your country).

Totalitarianism Totalitarian countries are countries where there is a single-party rule.

Totalitarianism Totalitarianism is a political system in which the government has total control over all aspects of public and private life. There is absolutely no limit to the authority of the government.

Totalitarianism The government controls all political, social, and economic activities of the entire country and all of its citizens.

Totalitarianism There is a specific set of beliefs that all citizens are expected to approve and follow. Nationalism is spread through communication technology – television, radio, newspapers, etc. Surveillance technology makes it possible to keep track of the activities of its citizens. Violence, such as police terror, discourages those who disagree with the goals of a totalitarian government.

Totalitarianism The best examples in history of totalitarian regimes include: Adolf Hitler – Nazi Germany Joseph Stalin – Soviet Union Benito Mussolini – Italy

Dictatorship A government whose leader has complete control over a country’s government. Fidel Castro of Cuba

Dictatorship Power is in the hands of a single person whose word is LAW! A single ruler controls nearly every aspect of the public and private lives of its citizens. The government runs without the consent of its citizens. The dictator remains in control of the country by using any means imaginable to hold onto their power.