Chapter 5

Key Topics All the classical civilizations => territorial expansion => gains and losses as a result Significant civilizations developed in the Americas and Africa => outside the immediate classical orbit. Internal weakness and invasion => changes, first in China, then in India. Decline in Rome => very complex => domestic and international issues The eastern and western portions of the empire developed differently after the fall of Rome. During the decline => rapid expansion of Buddhism and Christianity. Religious change had wider cultural, social, and political implications. Lots of issues trying to integrate new lands New baby, roommate, new school year => new classmates Visiting relative

Chapter 5 Discussions Questions

Decline and Fall of Rome pages 113-117 1) Explore the differences in the eastern and western portions of the Roman Empire. How did these differences arise? In what ways can it be argued that the Roman Empire survived in the eastern Mediterranean even after it collapsed in the west? General collapse of Western culture and trade as well as politics Different positions occupied by the Christian churches Social and political structures of early Byzantine empires Different patterns of invasion. Page Ref: 113-117 Topic: Decline and Fall in Rome Skill: Conceptual

Pages 113 and 114 2) What were the main factors in Rome's decline? Which do you judge most important? Why? Outside factors of invasions and disease Internal problems of morale, political structure, and economics. Page Ref: 113, 114 Topic: Decline and Fall in Rome Skill: Conceptual

Pages 112-114 3) Why did the results of Han China's decline differ from those of the Roman Empire's decline? Both empires exhibited different degrees of political centralization and bureaucratization Already had different degrees cultural integration Rome faced more invasions “Success of eastern Rome." Page Ref: 112-114 Topic: Decline in China and India/Decline and Fall in Rome Skill: Conceptual

Pages 118-123 4) Compare the major beliefs and religious organization of Christianity and Buddhism. Common features: monasticism, renunciation of worldly pleasures and some focus on saints. Christianity-monotheism, less tolerant of unorthodox or competing belief systems, and focus on institutional structures. Buddhist belief in reincarnation. Page Ref: 118-123 Topic: The New Religious Map Skill: Conceptual

Pages 118-123 5) Compare the major beliefs and religious organization of Christianity and Hinduism. Some common interests in ritual and the roles of priests differences include social attitudes => Christianity's acceptance of social inequality, but not a caste system. Page Ref: 118-123 Topic: The New Religious Map Skill: Conceptual

Pages 107-109 6) Taking into account both Egypt and Kush, what were the main features of civilization in Africa prior to the first century C.E.? Organized political structures such as divine kingship Focus on the Nile Monumentalism as part of religion