1. The Classical Period: Directions, Diversities, and Declines by 500 C.E. By S.F. and A.B. A.P. World History B1

2. Expansion and Integration  Territorial expansion and efforts to integrate.  Were the basic themes of the three great classical civilizations  Basic issues evolved: Territorial and Social Emphasized greater centralization, particularly in politics. China India and Mediterranean Remained more localized and diverse

3. China:India:Rome:

4. Beyond the Classical Civilizations  Outside the classical civilizations important developments occurred in other parts of the world  Agriculture spread to Northern Europe and Northern Asia  By 1000 B.C.E. the kingdom of Kush (In Africa) was flourishing  Kush= defeated by Axum  Axum= defeated by Ethiopia  Axum and Ethiopia had contact with the eastern Mediterranean world until after Rome’s fall

6. Olmec Civilization  Known for their pyramids  Accurate calendar  Influenced their successors

7. Expansion of the Maya and Olmec

8. Beyond the Classical Civilizations  Political organization in Japan arose around 400 C.E.  Polynesian people reached islands (Fiji and Samoa) by 1000 B.C.E.  Further explorations led to the first settlement of island complexes (Hawaii) by 400 C.E.  Caste System  Under powerful local kings

9. Fiji Islands, Samoa, and Hawaii

10. Decline in China and India China  Internal weaknesses and invasions  Suffered chaos and collapse of Han Empire India  Internal weakness and invasions  Suffered invasions from nomads  Islamic Arab traders gained control of Indian Ocean from India’s Tamil Merchants

11. Decline and Fall in Rome  Many factors such as…  Weak emperors  Army in Politics  Plagues  Hedonist nobles  Farmers ignored  Weak military

12. Invasions of the Roman Empire

13. THE END!  Thank you!  Hope you learned something!