Open research: from the perspective of Wellcome Finland’s Open Science and Research Forum November 16th 2017 Robert Kiley, Wellcome Trust Head – Open Research (r.kiley@wellcome.ac.uk) ORCID: 0000-0003-4733-2558 Twitter @robertkiley Slides made available under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

About Wellcome Independent research funder – whose mission is to improve health by helping great ideas to thrive Funding commitment of £1bn a year – for the next 5 years Support research in the life sciences, but also in humanities, social science and public engagement

Wellcome and Open Research Committed to ensuring research outputs can be accessed and used in ways that maximise health & societal benefit Making these outputs more widely available holds the potential to: accelerate discovery and its application help ensure findings can be validated and reproduce increase efficiency – reduce duplication and waste Dedicated Open Research team established

Managing and sharing research outputs – Wellcome policy New policy on managing and sharing data, software and materials Key elements of the policy are: expect all researchers to maximise access to research data, software and materials with as few restrictions as possible require an outputs management plan - where the research is likely to generate significant outputs of clear value as a resource commit to review and support costs of output management plans new policy clarifies our expectations of researchers in several key respects – particularly requirement to share underlying data & code at the time of publication https://wellcome.ac.uk/funding/managing-grant/policy-data-software-materials-management-and-sharing

Open access to research publications

Meeting OA costs (Wellcome COAF) Hybrid OA 52% more expensive that full OA Median APC increased by 6% over past 12 months

Open access – Wellcome policy Mandatory Research articles must be made available at time of publication – or in any event within 6 months Fully fund OA APC’s Require deposition (by publisher) in PMC with CCBY licence when APC paid Around 80% of Wellcome-attributed articles made OA in line with policy

Wellcome and Open Access Seek to provide researchers with range of publishing opportunities Supporting new publishing platform – Wellcome Open Research (WOR) and continuing to support eLife Continues to fully fund OA publication costs – both hybrid and full OA Strong supporter of preprints

Wellcome Open Research

Wellcome Open Research: making the sharing of results…. Faster Transparent Reproducible Inclusive Cost-effective

Wellcome Open Research: making the sharing of results…. Faster Transparent Reproducible Inclusive Cost-effective

Wellcome Open Research: making the sharing of results…. Faster Transparent Reproducible Inclusive Cost-effective

Wellcome Open Research: making the sharing of results…. Faster Transparent Reproducible Inclusive Cost-effective

Wellcome Open Research: making the sharing of results…. Faster Transparent Reproducible Inclusive Cost-effective Average APC for Wellcome Open Research - £793 (inc. VAT) Average APC across all journals used by Wellcome authors - £2044 (inc. VAT)

Rise of funder platforms…. Growing number of funder platforms – including Gates, Health Research Board, and others Development of Open Research Central Currently an aggregation service In time, potentially a “funder agnostic” publishing platform

Preprints Preprints seen as another way in which dissemination of research outputs can be made faster and more inclusive (i.e. all types of outputs – not just research articles) Wellcome grantee’s can now cite preprints in grant applications and end of grant reports Significant growth in both the number of preprint submissions and preprint servers Source: http://www.prepubmed.org/monthly_stats/

Next steps for Wellcome

Review our OA policy Policy in place since 2005; last reviewed in 2012 Landscape changed OA is mainstream OA publication costs are increasing & scant evidence that effective market forces are at play New options to consider – role of preprints, Scholarly Communications Licence, Wellcome Open Research, offsetting deals etc Early modelling suggest that over next 5 years we will spend between £37m and £46m on APC costs

The future: some closing thoughts The publishing ecosystem will continue to evolve Preprinting (in the life sciences) will become standard practice Open, signed peer review will also become widely adopted and integrated into the services “preprint servers” offer Overlay journals – where experts identify the best/novel/ground-breaking research – will (in the life sciences) become a reality Articles will become fully actionable – no longer static documents (e.g. see eLife’s “Reproducible Document Stack, or the Code Ocean platform) Publishers will adopt “freemium” model – a “read only” copy available for free, revenue comes from other services (e.g. help researchers find the best/most impactful research, alerting services, tools is make used of the data etc.) Data, not publications, will become the new currency of the realm for researchers

Questions?