Agricultural Revolution

The Agricultural Revolution Neolithic Times Key Query: How did farming change people’s lives? Life in the Neolithic Age Key Query: What was life like during the Neolithic Age? Civilizations Emerge Key Query: What characteristics did early civilizations share?

Ch. 3 Lesson 2 Neolithic Vocabulary Domesticate: to adapt an animal to living w/ humans Neolithic Age: relating to the last period of the Stone Age Systematic Agriculture: the organized system of growing food on the regular basis Shrine: a place where people worship Specialization: the act of training for a particular job Bronze Age: the period in ancient human culture when people began to make and use bronze Monarchy: a government whose ruler, a king or queen, inherits the position from a parent.

Neolithic Age (c. 8000 BCE-c. 4000 BCE) Farming replaced hunting and gathering; switched to systematic agriculture, growing food on the regular basis People began to live in settled communities, such as villages. Some were larger than others. People domesticated animals for milk, meat, and wool. Domestication is the process of taming an animal and keeping it as a pet or on a farm. Neolithic Age began circa 8000 B.C. and ended around 4000 B.C. Farming replaced hunting and gathering; switched to systematic agriculture, growing food on the regular basis People domesticated animals for milk, meat, and wool Not everyone switched to farming or systematic agriculture. Some people still hunted and gathered food.

Big Changes for Humankind Historians call this period the Agricultural Revolution People lived differently: They produced constant food supply Population grew at a faster rate Nomads gave up their way of life and began living in settle communities

Widespread Farming By 4000 B.C. farming became an economic activity; people made a living by farming People grew: Egypt – wheat and barley Central Africa – yams and bananas China – millet and rice Central America – corn, squash and potatoes; domesticated chicken and dogs

Life in the Neolithic Age Key Query: What was life like in the Neolithic Age? People settled in villages Built permanent homes Villages were located near fields so people could plant, grow and harvest crops

Neolithic Communities Neolithic farming developed throughout Europe, India, Egypt, China and Mexico. Biggest & earliest known community was called Jericho in Southwest Asia Jericho located in present-day Israel and Jordan, called the West Bank Catalhuyuk was another city located in present-day Turkey. Homes were made of sun-dried brick or mud brick Shrines were built to worship gods and goddesses Catalhuyuk was another city located in present-day Turkey. Homes were made of sun-dried brick or mud brick Shrines were built to worship gods and goddesses

What Were the Benefits of a Settled Life? Provided greater security Steady food supply created healthier, growing populations Produce more food than they can eat; began trading food for supplies they couldn’t produce for themselves Specialization – people took up specific jobs as their talents allowed Role of men and women changed Rapid population growth cause resources such as wood supplies to be used up quickly. Loss of forestation (plants and trees) caused desert-like conditions to spread.

What Were the Benefits of a Settled Life? (cont.) Roles of Men Roles of Women Worked the fields to farm and herd animals Responsible for growing food Protected village Family and community leaders Bore children Stayed in villages Wove cloth using wool from sheep Used bone needles to make clothes from cloth and animal skins Managed food supplies

Traits of a Civilization Monarchy became the first type of government with a king. People in civilizations began to trade to gain wealth

The End of the Neolithic Age Bronze Age People began to make tools and weapons with copper because it was easier to make than with stones. Craftspeople in western Asia discovered that mixing copper and tin formed bronze Bronze was stronger than copper; widely used between 3000 and 1200 BCE Many people could not afford bronze and continued to use stone.

Make a web chart like this one on your notes Neolithic Advancements