Cor a 1–reactive T cells and IgE are predominantly cross-reactive to Bet v 1 in patients with birch pollen–associated food allergy to hazelnut Claudia.

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Presentation transcript:

Cor a 1–reactive T cells and IgE are predominantly cross-reactive to Bet v 1 in patients with birch pollen–associated food allergy to hazelnut Claudia Hofmann, MSc, Stephan Scheurer, PhD, Kathrin Rost, Edith Graulich, Annette Jamin, Kay Foetisch, PhD, Joachim Saloga, MD, Stefan Vieths, PhD, Kerstin Steinbrink, MD, Henric S. Adler, PhD Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Volume 131, Issue 5, Pages 1384-1392.e6 (May 2013) DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2012.10.037 Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 Cor a 1 only partly competes with specific Bet v 1–IgE interactions in contrast to Bet v 1, which completely abolishes IgE binding to Cor a 1. The sera of 11 donors were used in inhibition ELISA assays to analyze IgE reactivity to immobilized Bet v 1 (upper panel) and immobilized Cor a 1 (lower panel). The percentage of inhibition is presented as pooled results of 11 assays (medians and interquartile ranges). Relative potency of inhibition is calculated as described in the Methods section. Medians and interquartile ranges are depicted. Open boxes, Soluble Bet v 1; gray boxes, Cor a 1 used as a competitor. *P < .05, **P < .01, and ***P < .001. ns, Not significant. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1384-1392.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.10.037) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 Allergen-specific T-cell proliferation of allergic donors to recombinant Bet v 1, Cor a 1, and Dau c 1. Primary T-cell proliferation of allergic patients and nonallergic control subjects induced by Bet v 1–, Cor a 1–, and Dau c 1–loaded DCs is shown. Compiled results of allergic patients (n = 20) and control subjects (n = 12) are shown. Median values for each group are indicated. The SI of allergen-specific proliferation was calculated by using normalization to proliferation induced by control DCs. P < .05. ns, Not significant. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1384-1392.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.10.037) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 TH2 cytokine profile of allergic patients in primary response to Bet v 1, Cor a 1, and Dau c 1. Supernatants of primary culture were obtained on day 3 and analyzed for cytokine production. A, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13. B, IFN-γ and IL-10. C, Pooled results are shown for allergic patients (n = 20) and control subjects (n = 12). IL-5/IFN-γ ratios were calculated for individual subjects. Means ± SEMs are demonstrated. *P ≤ .05 and **P ≤ .01. ns, Not significant. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1384-1392.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.10.037) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 T-cell cross-reactivity of major allergens of birch, hazelnut, and carrot. A, Pooled results of T-cell proliferation of allergic patients (n = 15) and control subjects (n = 12) are demonstrated for restimulation with Bet v 1 (left panel) and Cor a 1 (right panel). B, Individual T-cell proliferation induced by restimulation with Bet v 1 (left panel) or Cor a 1 (right panel), respectively, is shown. Tritiated thymidine incorporation data are normalized to T-cell proliferation induced by the respective allergen in restimulation experiments after primary culture with unloaded DCs (= 100%, black lines). *P < .05 and **P < .01. n.d., Not done. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1384-1392.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.10.037) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Identification of a Bet v 1/Cor a 1–cross-reactive T-cell subpopulation. T cells of allergic patients were primarily stimulated (primary culture [PC]) with Bet v 1–loaded, Cor a 1–loaded, or control DCs (unloaded and OVA loaded), respectively, and restimulated (RS) as indicated. A-C, Bet v 1 → Cor a 1; D-F, Cor a 1 → Bet v 1 (and corresponding controls). T-cell proliferation was detected by means of flow cytometry with fluorescent dye-dilution assays. Fig 5, A and D, Primary proliferation of T cells on day 1 and day 4 after CellTrace Violet staining of 1 representative donor (left) and pooled results (right) of 4 (Fig 5, A) or 5 (Fig 5, D) donors. Fig 5, B, C, E, and F, Secondary proliferation was assessed after subsequent staining with CFSE of T cells before restimulation on days 0/1 and 3/4. One representative result (Fig 5, B and E) and pooled results of 3 (Fig 5, C) and 4 (Fig 5, F) independent experiments are depicted. Means ± SEMs are demonstrated. *P ≤ .05 and **P ≤ .01. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1384-1392.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.10.037) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig 5 Identification of a Bet v 1/Cor a 1–cross-reactive T-cell subpopulation. T cells of allergic patients were primarily stimulated (primary culture [PC]) with Bet v 1–loaded, Cor a 1–loaded, or control DCs (unloaded and OVA loaded), respectively, and restimulated (RS) as indicated. A-C, Bet v 1 → Cor a 1; D-F, Cor a 1 → Bet v 1 (and corresponding controls). T-cell proliferation was detected by means of flow cytometry with fluorescent dye-dilution assays. Fig 5, A and D, Primary proliferation of T cells on day 1 and day 4 after CellTrace Violet staining of 1 representative donor (left) and pooled results (right) of 4 (Fig 5, A) or 5 (Fig 5, D) donors. Fig 5, B, C, E, and F, Secondary proliferation was assessed after subsequent staining with CFSE of T cells before restimulation on days 0/1 and 3/4. One representative result (Fig 5, B and E) and pooled results of 3 (Fig 5, C) and 4 (Fig 5, F) independent experiments are depicted. Means ± SEMs are demonstrated. *P ≤ .05 and **P ≤ .01. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1384-1392.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.10.037) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E1 Specific IgE levels to birch, hazelnut, and carrot allergen extracts and recombinant proteins of allergic patients. A, Sera of allergic patients (n = 20) with proved birch pollen allergy (based on clinical history, skin prick test response, specific IgE level, and CAP class ≥2) and secondary food allergy to hazelnut, carrot, or both were tested for IgE reactivity to extracts and recombinant allergens by using ImmunoCAP. The respective results of ImmunoCAP assays to birch, hazelnut, and carrot are shown as the concentration of specific IgE (in kilounits of allergen-specific IgE per liter). The threshold for CAP class 2 is indicated as a line. #<0.1 kUA/L. B, The results of the IgE tests of the 20 patients shown in Fig E1 were plotted as follows: IgE reactive to birch extract versus IgE reactive to hazelnut extract (left) and Bet v 1–reactive IgE versus Cor a 1–reactive IgE (right). Correlation (Spearman r) and significance are indicated. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1384-1392.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.10.037) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions

Fig E2 Individual allergen-specific T-cell proliferation of allergic patients and healthy control subjects. Primary T-cell proliferation of allergic patients and nonallergic control subjects induced by Bet v 1–, Cor a 1–, and Dau c 1–loaded DCs is shown. Individual results of allergic patients (n = 20) and control subjects (n = 12) are demonstrated. The SI of allergen-specific proliferation was calculated by normalization to T-cell proliferation induced by control DCs, as described in the Methods section. Significance (*P ≤ .05) is related to T-cell responses induced by unloaded control DCs. #Not done. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2013 131, 1384-1392.e6DOI: (10.1016/j.jaci.2012.10.037) Copyright © 2012 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Terms and Conditions