In this patient, the ground electrode was placed on the forehead and the low-impedance active electrode occurred in the occipital region. Therefore, the.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Automatisms with preserved responsiveness were observed exclusively during seizures arising from the right nondominant temporal lobe. They were not observed.
Advertisements

Benign infantile seizures are characterized by (1) familial or nonfamilial occurrence; (2) normal development prior to onset; (3) onset mostly during the.
Low Voltage EKG Activity Due to Scalp Edema; High Frequency Jet Respirator Artifact. An 18-day-old boy with diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary hypoplasia,
Scalp Edema and High Frequency Respirator Artifacts
The EEG features and their evolution change with age
In the scalp EEG, slow-wave activity was present in 62%
The typical EEG of hydranencephaly shows a flat pattern but the EEG of severe hydrocephalus does not demonstrate a flat pattern. Visual evoked potential.
The most common cause of impetigo is Staphylococcus aureus
Additional electrodes can be used to supplement the standard System
A mild and inconsistent asymmetry of photic driving response is frequently seen in normal individuals. An asymmetry in photic driving response may result.
Generalized, frontally predominant, rhythmic fast activity is the most common ictal EEG accompaniment of generalized tonic seizures. Ictal EEG patterns.
Lateralized Background Suppression; Hemiplegic Migraine
Outcomes after surgery, cortical resection, or hemispherectomy in infants with catastrophic focal epilepsy are very good. About 75–78% are seizure-free.
CBZ is the most common antiepileptic drug (AED) causing AED-induced seizure worsening. CBZ can both aggravate and induce new seizure types including absence,
In this patient, the ground electrode was placed on the forehead and the low-impedance active electrode occurred in the occipital region. Therefore, the.
Patients with IS caused by FCD frequently develop partial seizures that can precede, be simultaneous with, or follow the cluster of epileptic spasms. Spasms.
PFA may be a reflection of proximity of the epileptogenic zone to the recording electrodes. Seizures arising from the lateral frontal convexity began with.
The scalp EEG is frequently negative or maybe misleading; furthermore, spread of epileptic discharges from the parietal and occipital lobes to frontal.
The “H-response” is a prominent photic driving response at flash rates beyond 20 Hz. In a critical review of the literature, the reported sensitivity of.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (PDH), a deficiency in the E1 (pyruvate dehydrogenase) component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, is one of the.
Abnormal EEGs were found in 43–75% of autistic children and 82% of their EEGs; 46% had clinical seizures. Nearly all children with seizures had epileptiform.
The causes of OS are symptomatic or organic; the causes of EME can be genetic, metabolic, or entirely unknown. OS causes tonic spasms and partial seizures.
Late posttraumatic epilepsy usually occurs within the first 2 years after the injury. Seizures are believed to originate from a cerebromeningeal scar.26.
(A) Asymmetric movements of facial muscles, inability to close right eye (but not left), deviated angle of the mouth and flattening of the right nasolabial.
Atopic dermatitis Figures 9-14 and 9-15 illustrate skin that is scaly and lichenified. The treatment of atopic dermatitis should include the establishment.
A close relationship exists between heterotopic nodules and cortical regions in bilateral PNH, with an epileptogenic network including both structures.
The SSS phenomenon is defined as a pair of sequential ictal potentials separated by complete or almost complete cessation of seizure activity; the SSS.
An AP view of the proximal right femur shows a healing stress fracture in the lateral cortex of the proximal right femoral diaphysis (arrowhead). This.
Epilepsy is an important predictor of poor intellectual outcome in the children with hydrocephalus with shunts. Epilepsy was significantly affected by.
POLG1 mutations should be considered in teenagers and young adults reporting episodic visual symptoms with migraine-like headaches and sudden-onset intractable.
Hydroa vacciniforme-like cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) These patients often have severe insect bite hypersensitivity. The lesions pictured in Fig
Eye Fluttering During Photic Stimulation
Autoimmune disease, such as autoimmune thyroiditis, and malignancy are extremely rare causes. In the child with chronic urticaria, it is often difficult.
Six hundred and nine patients diagnosed clinically as brain dead were studied; 326 had final cardiac asystole while still being ventilated. The median.
A standard epidural order form.
Obstructive sleep apnea resulting in significant oxygen desaturation occurred in this child who had a long history of snoring. A nasopharyngeal airway.
Ohtahara syndrome is a very rare and devastating form of epileptic encephalopathy of very early infancy. Onset of seizures is mainly by 1 month of age.
After the seizure has been viewed using conventional frequencies and muscle activity has been removed, a search for baseline shifts should be performed.
Stroke or hemorrhage is the most common structural abnormality that causes focal clonic or tonic seizures. In addition, focal tonic or clonic seizures.
The extent of the PET hypometabolism may be substantially larger than the electrical focus.55 The relationship between the area of hypometabolism and the.
B. Healthy extracellular matrix supports the growth of new capillaries as seen in this lateral ankle wound. The capillaries give the surface of the wound.
(A) Bell palsy is a clinical diagnosis
King of Hearts monitor. The device is attached to the patient and easily activated when symptoms arise. Record button is on top; out of view. The send.
Patients presenting with clinical features compatible with MAE but with seizure semiology consistent with focal seizure or focal abnormality seen in the.
Photic driving responses in children <6 years are relatively small
In some patients, the occurrence of fungal infection in locations such as the ear may make it difficult to appreciate the ring morphology of the lesion,
(Reproduced with permission from Afifi AK, Bergman RA
Intense erythema, eyelid edema, and tenderness due to maxillary sinusitis in an adolescent who had normal vision, full range of eye movements without pain,
Cat-scratch disease This disease is characterized by the appearance of a papule or pustule at the site of a scratch from a cat. Within several weeks, enlarged.
BiPLEDs are PLEDs that are bilateral, generally asynchronous, and differ in amplitude, morphology, repetitive rate, and location. They are most commonly.
Only 23% of the survivors of RSE were normal at follow-up; 34% showed developmental deterioration and 36% developed new-onset epilepsy.230 Mortality is.
ECS is more common in females
Usually, scalp-recorded ictal DC shifts are not successfully recorded because movements during clinical seizures could cause artifacts. They are highly.
This infant developed typical arcuate lesions on the face
(A) Asymmetric movements of facial muscles, inability to close right eye (but not left), deviated angle of the mouth and flattening of the right nasolabial.
Secondarily generalized discharges are a common occurrence with frontal lobe epilepsy. The EEG findings that suggest secondary bilateral synchrony include.
POLG1 mutations should be considered in teenagers and young adults reporting episodic visual symptoms with migraine-like headaches and sudden-onset intractable.
“Zip-like electrical discharges (Zips)” is a common ictal EEG pattern in neonates, which consists of focal episodic rapid spikes of accelerating and decelerating.
The typical EEG in SWS is asymmetric, with local voltage depression and background slowing ipsilateral to the affected hemisphere. This asymmetry may be.
The presence of PDA and depression of beta and alpha activities is supportive of underlying structural abnormalities (both gray and white matter) in the.
Vitiligo occurs commonly around the eye. A
(A) Swelling, redness, eye pain, and blurred vision were the presenting complaints following blunt trauma in this patient. (B) Close-up showing severe.
The nomogram is also not useful if the time of ingestion is uncertain, if ingestion occurred more than 24 hours before presentation, or if repeated ingestion.
The best predictor of surgical outcome is the presence of a focal epileptic generator that may or may not include the PNH. Invasive recording is required.
CEEG monitoring detected seizure activity in 19% of patients, and the seizures were almost always nonconvulsive. Coma, age 24 hours of monitoring to detect.
ESES may be the result of a secondary bilateral synchrony
AC is an EEG pattern in the alpha frequency range (8–13 Hz) that occurs with a generalized distribution in a comatose patient. It is monomorphic and does.
In the study of 120 patients with defective alpha activity by mental arithmetic at Mayo Clinic, 32 patients had Bancaud phenomenon. Associated focal slowing.
Copyright © 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright © 2004 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Presentation transcript:

In this patient, the ground electrode was placed on the forehead and the low-impedance active electrode occurred in the occipital region. Therefore, the eye movement artifacts were noted in the occipital region (asterisk) when the patient blinked his eyes. Due to the open circuit in channel 4 (O1-A1), O1 was not punched on G1 selection on the selector board. Blink artifacts appear in channel 4 because ground electrode was on forehead. Artifacts appear in phase because Fp1, Fp2, and “active ” ground are on G1.13 Source: Artifacts, Atlas of Pediatric EEG Citation: Laoprasert P. Atlas of Pediatric EEG; 2011 Available at: http://neurology.mhmedical.com/DownloadImage.aspx?image=/data/books/1042/lao001_fig_02-66.gif&sec=59079131&BookID=1042&ChapterSecID=59078724&imagename= Accessed: November 11, 2017 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved