What is Communism? Political and Economic and Social Ideology Communism claims to explain everything about life Is Communism the Father\Mother of Totalitarianism? French Revolution Marx and Engels develop idea of Communism Russian Revolution Failed German Revolution Chinese Communist Revolution End of Soviet Communism 1789 1840-1875 1917 1918-19 1949 1989

Lenin: Leader of the Russian Revolution Lenin (below) was the leader of the world’s first communist revolution. He led the Bolsheviks to power in the October Revolution in Russia in 1917. Having established the Dictatorship of the Proletariat, the renamed Communist Party of the Soviet Union kept hold of power for 72 years. Karl Marx 1818-83 Frederick Engels 1820-95 Marx and Engels: The Founders of Communism Karl Marx was a German Jew. He lived in London where he developed the theory of modern communism with his colleague Frederick Engels. Their most famous publications were: “The Communist Manifesto”, and “Das Capital”. Lenin: Leader of the Russian Revolution

Karl Marx’s Theory of History Feudal Mode of Production Nobility Peasant producers Capitalist Mode of Production Bourgeoisie (Middle Class) Proletariat (workers) Communism Social Classes are abolished All wealth is shared – “to each according to his need, from each according to his ability” Ancient Mode of Production Oligarchy Slave producers R Dictatorship of the Proletariat led by the Communist Party Revolution is the engine room of history Dominant social class / Largest social class is “exploited” by the dominant class.

Karl Marx Father of Modern Communism In a higher phase of communist society... only then can the narrow horizon of bourgeois right be fully left behind and society inscribe on its banners: from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs. Karl Marx Capital is reckless of the health or length of life of the labourer, unless under compulsion from society. Karl Marx Karl Marx Father of Modern Communism From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs. Karl Marx Let the ruling classes tremble at a communist revolution. The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. Workingmen of all countries, unite! Karl Marx A specter is haunting Europe - the specter of communism. Karl Marx

2 x link When one makes a Revolution, one cannot mark time; one must always go forward - or go back. He who now talks about the "freedom of the press" goes backward, and halts our headlong course towards Socialism. Vladimir Lenin Vladimyr Illich LENIN Leader of the Russian Revolution, October 1917 and first leader of Communist Russia The Russian Revolution - Part 1 - YouTube Freedom in capitalist society always remains about the same as it was in ancient Greek republics: Freedom for slave owners. Vladimir Lenin There are no morals in politics; there is only expedience. A scoundrel may be of use to us just because he is a scoundrel. Vladimir Lenin Sometimes - history needs a push. Vladimir Lenin

Communist Revolution in Germany 1914 The Spartacists, led by Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, were a group of radical socialists who found 'fame' in the first few months after the November Armistice when Germany experienced its so-called 'Revolution'. The Spartacists were named after Spartacus who led a revolt by slaves against the might of the Romans in 73 B.C. Communist Revolution in Germany 1914 In December 1918, some of the Spartacists - including Luxemburg and Liebknecht - founded the German Communist Party. Luxemburg had written numerous pamphlets about Lenin and how his leadership of the Russian Revolution would be of such great value to Russia and Germany. In January 1919, the Communists rose up in revolt in Berlin. In every sense it was a futile gesture against the government. Ebert withdrew his government to the safety of Weimar and allowed the Freikorps and what remained of the regular army to bring peace and stability back to Berlin once again. No mercy was shown to the Spartacists/Communists whose leaders were murdered after being arrested.

Communism In China China in revolution 1911-1949 (part1/10) - YouTube China in revolution 1911-1949 (part4/10) – YouTube Important Mao's Bloody Revolution – YouTube Important 17-25; 29-40 (GLF) Mao Zedong – YouTube biased US clip The Great Leap Forward ??? – YouTube Good shorter extract BBC - Learning Zone Class Clips - One Party System in China - Citizenship and Modern Studies Video

Mao's Bloody Revolution – YouTube Important 17-25; 29-40 (GLF) Mao Zedong – YouTube biased US clip The Great Leap Forward ??? – YouTube Good shorter extract BBC - Learning Zone Class Clips - One Party System in China - Citizenship and Modern Studies Video