Ancient Times to the Present Art History AP|Studio 213 Schorsch Oceanic Art Ancient Times to the Present Art History AP|Studio 213 Schorsch Artist: n/a Title: Jewish, Early Christian, and Byzantine Worlds Medium: n/a Size: n/a Date: n/a Source/ Museum: n/a

Islands of the Pacific

Enduring Understanding: Since the region is so big, the arts of the Pacific are hard to classify. Art is created using available materials such as bone, shell, wood, coral, fiber, and stone. Australia was populated about 30,000 years ago. The islands were populated about 4,000 years ago. Europeans began arriving in the 16th century. Some objects symbolize family or clan history; others celebrate history and were meant to be destroyed afterwards. Artist: n/a Title: The Seventeenth Century in Europe and North America Medium: n/a Size: n/a Date: n/a Source/ Museum: n/a

Enduring Understanding: Pacific art, across all spectrums, is influence by the sea, which separates and connects each island. The Lapita culture began the Pacific pattern of migration, bringing their plants, animals, customs, and culture with them. Ship building and navigation became essential communication lines in the vast distances involved. Artist: n/a Title: The Seventeenth Century in Europe and North America Medium: n/a Size: n/a Date: n/a Source/ Museum: n/a

Enduring Understanding: Pacific art deals with complex belief systems controlled by powerful members of society. Sculptures representing forces in the supernatural world were often wrapped to be protected. One’s mana or vital force needs to be defended and protected. Sometime mana could represent a whole community. The act of protecting the mana through rituals or wrapping is called tapu. Each community in the Pacific had a different way of conducting spiritual exercises and commanding a social structure. Artist: n/a Title: The Seventeenth Century in Europe and North America Medium: n/a Size: n/a Date: n/a Source/ Museum: n/a

Enduring Understanding: Pacific arts are performed using costumes, dance, song, and cosmetics. Ritual performances each have a different purposed: e.g., celebration, war. The act of performance contains the work’s meaning. The objects in that performance contain no meaning unless brougt to life by the rituals. Rituals and performances often involve exchanging pre-arranged items that have symbolic value. A symmetry of relationships is often sought. Opposing forces, such as gender, are placed within a balancing situation in many rituals. Artist: n/a Title: The Seventeenth Century in Europe and North America Medium: n/a Size: n/a Date: n/a Source/ Museum: n/a

MICRONESIA Nan Madol c. 700-1600 Basalt boulders and prismatic columns Pohnpei, Micornesia

MICRONESIA Nan Madol c. 700-1600 Basalt boulders and prismatic columns Pohnpei, Micornesia Nan Madol: Island Tour

Female Diety c. 18th-19th century Nukuoro, Micronesia

Navigation Chart Wood and Fiber 19th- Early 20th Century Marshall Islands Stick Charts and Water Wave Navigation

HAWAII Ahu Ula (Feather Cape) Feathers and Fibers Late 18th Century Tales from Te Papa

COOK ISLANDS Staff God, Rarotonga Wood, Tapa, Fiber, and Feathers Late 18th- Early 19th Century Cook Islands

POLYNESIA Hiapo (tapa) Tapa (Bark Cloth), Freehand Painting Niue Tapa Cloth Making

NEW ZEALAND Gottfried Lindauer, Tamati Waka Nene 1890 Oil on Canvas

PAPUA NEW GUINEA Malagan Mask c. 20th Century Wood, Pigment, Fiber, and Shell

PAPUA NEW GUINEA Buk Mask Mid to Late 19th Century Turtle Shell, Wood, Fiber, Feathers, and Shell Torres Strait

FIJI Processional welcoming Queen Elizabeth II to Tonga with Ngatu launima (tapa cloth). Tonga, central Polynesia. 1953 C.E. Multimedia performance (costume; cosmetics, including scent; chant; movement; and pandanus fiber/hibiscus fiber mats), photographic documentation. Presentation of Fijian mats and tapa Cloths to Queen Elizabeth Tribute to Queen Salote

EASTER ISLAND (RAPA NUI) Moai on Platform (Ahu) c. 1100-1600 Volcanic tuff figures on basalt base The Mystery of Easter Island

EASTER ISLAND (RAPA NUI) Moai on Platform (Ahu) c. 1100-1600 Volcanic tuff figures on basalt base The Mystery of Easter Island