Manifest Destiny Texas Moses & Stephen Austin John L. O’Sullivan

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Presentation transcript:

Manifest Destiny Texas Moses & Stephen Austin John L. O’Sullivan Westward expansion Texas Mexico gained independence from Spain Wanted to lessen influence of Natives Welcomed U.S. citizens into territory Empresarios Moses & Stephen Austin Recruited many settlers Mostly protestant cotton farmers (problem w/ Mexico?)

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna The Texas Revolution More immigrants moving into Texas Many without permission 30,000 U.S. settlers by 1835 Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Elected President of Mexico Took dictatorial control Stephen Austin jailed !!! Texans Revolt!! Alamo San Antonio Spanish Mission/fort

(Still Alamo) William Travis Jim Bowie Davie Crockett Goliad Large Mexican force arrives to retain control 189 Texans defend Alamo against attack William Travis Jim Bowie Davie Crockett March 6, 1836 – Mexicans attack Every defender killed 600 Mexicans dead Goliad * 400 Texans surrendered & were then executed!!

San Jacinto Sam Houston Annexation of Texas? 21 April 1836 900 Texans attack Santa Anna’s Army Battle lasts only minutes Over 600 Mexicans killed “REMEMBER THE ALAMO!” Santa Anna captured & forced to sign Texas over Annexation of Texas?

The Republic of Texas Juan Seguin Sam Houston elected President of Texas 1836-1845 – Lone Star Republic Northern opposition to annex another slave state Texas attempts to increase population Texas has its problems Continue discrimination against Tejanos National debts Conflict with Mexico Juan Seguin

Polk elected President !! The Election of 1844 Henry Clay Whig, Kentucky (Great Compromiser) Did not mention annexation James K. Polk Democrat, Tennessee (Dark Horse) Favored expansion/annexation Polk elected President !!

The Mexican War Causes: Zachary Taylor John Slidell Polk wants to annex Texas Mexico still believes Texas is their own 1845 Texas admitted in the U.S. Border dispute continues (Rio Grande or Nueces River?) Zachary Taylor - Sent to disputed area John Slidell Sent to Mexico city Attempt to settle dispute & get more land! Not a chance U.S. picks a fight! Taylor moves deeper into territory & is attacked “Mexico … shed American blood on American soil”

The Bear Flag Revolt Opposition to the War The Fighting Begins John C. Fremont U.S. secretly involved California independent from Mexico Opposition to the War Abraham Lincoln challenges President Polk Frederick Douglass opposes war Many other Northerners & abolitionists oppose war “Mr. Polk’s War” The Fighting Begins Stephen Kearny Captured Santa Fe U.S. control over New Mexico

Zachary Taylor Winfield Scott “Old Rough & Ready” Battle of Palo Alto Advances into Mexico Battle of Buena Vista 5,000 U.S. vs. 15,000 Mexican Santa Anna withdraws… many casualties on both sides Winfield Scott “Old Fuss & Feathers” Amphibious assault into Mexico Battle of Veracruz Advances further into Mexico Cuts off communication! Battle of Cerro Gordo Battle of Puebla de Zaragoza Battle of Chapultepec (Mexico City)

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo End of the Mexican War Mexican Cession of American Southwest $15 Million for land + pay all claims of settlers Gadsden Purchase 1853 purchase of land from Mexico $10 Million for land south of Gila River