http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/06/13/481586649/a-map-of-where-your-food-originated-may-surprise-you

Warm-up: Wednesday What is significant about today? (don’t tell anyone yet!) http://www.ajc.com/news/national/remembering-pearl-harbor-attack-years-later/15zpa9GmwStLKJPdVmsiXN/

Warm-up: Wednesday Based on the chart, describe the Green Revolution

When you are finished… Get out a sheet of notebook paper and title it “Agricultural Revolutions” Ag-3 Read the article and answer the following questions: What is IR8? What are the genetic characteristics of IR8? What are the pros? What are the cons?

Agricultural Revolutions AP Human Geography

Agricultural Revolutions Agriculture has passed through a series of revolutionary changes Not everywhere at the same time Some places still largely unaffected Transition from predominantly subsistence activity to predominantly capital-intensive, market-oriented commercial agriculture Three distinct revolutions Since its discovery some 10,000 years ago, agriculture has passed through a series of revolutionary changes We have moved from predominantly subsistence practices to predominantly capital-intensive, market-oriented practices Three distinct revolutions

First Agricultural Revolution What do you know?

Probable culture-hearths of agriculture First Agricultural Revolution Invention of farming & domestication of livestock (8,000–14,000 years ago) shift from hunter-gatherer to agricultural societies DISCUSSION: * What types of technical innovations made the First Agricultural Revolution possible? Probable culture-hearths of agriculture

FIRST AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION Studied by geographer, Dr. Carl Sauer Believed that agriculture would only flourish in a land of plenty Key area: Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers (Fertile Crescent) Labor-intensive crop growth, animal domestication

Second Agricultural Revolution What do you think happens with the 2nd Ag Rev?

Second Agricultural Revolution Technological changes (starting 1600s in Western Europe; spread by 1800s to North America) Occurred as Industrial Revolution was happening Began with new methods: crop rotation, better horse collars Beginnings of commercialization of agriculture (production of surplus for trade) DISCUSSION: * How do machines like the one featured here boost agricultural production? * How does rotating crops assist in boosting agricultural production?

Second Agricultural Revolution Technological innovations: Seed drill: could plant in rows Transportation technology (railroads) linking farm and urban commercial food market Fertilizers Lead to dramatic increase in crop and livestock yields

Second Agricultural Revolution Supported by governments of Europe Enclosure Act of Great Britain – enforced the increase in the size of farms; created large scale farms ***As a result of the Second Ag Revolution, more people left farms and moved to urban areas to fulfill industry demand for workers.

Warm-up: Thursday Based on the chart, describe the Green Revolution

Third Agricultural Revolution aka “Green Revolution” What do you think happens with the 3rd Ag Rev?

Video: Green Revolution Copy questions and answer while you watch the video: What is the Green Revolution? What are the pros and cons? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HucSCNQ01X4

What is the “Green Revolution”? The application of science and technology to creating High-Yielding Varieties of major food staples (mainly grains) In other words, to get more food out of the same area of land—increasing the productivity of land.

Third Agricultural Revolution During the 1940s, pioneering work was done by Prof. Norman Borlaug in the hybridization of plants. Essentially, he produced dwarf varieties so that more of the energy went into food production, than into growing tall.

The Green Revolution in India 1966-67: India was one of the first countries to benefit from a high-yielding seed program Turning Point for Indian Agriculture 5 cereals: wheat, rice, maize, sorghum and millet Drought-resistant Shorter growing season Very responsive to fertilizer

What did it do? It produced spectacular increases in yields and production, and we must not lose sight of that. There is no doubt that it made more food available than would have existed without it.

Principal Beneficiaries of the Green Revolution 7

“Green Revolution”

Advantages of the Green Revolution Yields are 2-4 times greater shorter growing season Farming incomes have increased Diet of rural communities is now varied Local infrastructure has been upgraded Employment has been created for industries that supply farms with supplies and machinery

Disadvantages of the Green Revolution High amounts of fertilizers and pesticides are needed to optimize production. This is both economically and environmentally costly New varieties require more weed control and are more susceptible to pests and disease Middle and higher-income farmers have benefited more than low-income farmers Mechanization of farming has increased rural unemployment Some new varieties have inferior taste

The Green Revolution: The Latest Concern A 1992 UN report found that even in countries where food intake had risen, diseases associated with vitamin and mineral deficiencies had increased. These deficiencies were linked to consumption of Green Revolution crops, which are low in vitamins and minerals Because these crops have replaced common produce, many people in the developing world have extremely low levels of zinc, iron, and vitamin A

Review: AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTIONS First Agricultural Revolution Dating back 10,000 years, this achieved plant domestication and animal domestication. Second Agricultural Revolution Witnessed improved methods of cultivation, harvesting, and storage of farm produce. Third Agricultural Revolution Currently in progress, its principal orientation is the development of Genetically Modified Organisms

GMOs Copy the following : Pros Cons What is the debate? Your opinion Watch the video about GMOs to answer: http://www.cbsnews.com/news/digging-for-seeds-of-truth-in-gmo-debate/

GMOs http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2016/05/17/gmos-safe-academies-of-science-report-genetically-modified-food/84458872/

GM food: What's in a label? Plenty, says Vermont http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-36675862

Warm-up: Random Fact Friday! Turn in your warm-up sheet  What does the phrase “c’est la vie “ mean? What is a common Christmas tree decoration in Poland that Americans associate with a different holiday? Cacao trees can live to be ____years old, but they produce marketable cocoa beans for only _____ years. that’s life In Poland, spiders or spider webs are common Christmas trees decorations because according to legend, a spider wove a blanket for Baby Jesus. In fact, Polish people consider spiders to be symbols of goodness and prosperity at Christmas. Cacao trees can live to be 200 years old, but they produce marketable cocoa beans for only 25 years.

Today’s Agenda 1 – Quiz 2 – FRQ 3 – Begin “World Agriculture” chart