Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter Essential Question: Big Idea Matter is described by its properties and may undergo changes Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter Essential Question: What properties define matter? Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

What’s the Matter? What is matter? P6 Active Reading #5 Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter P6 What’s the Matter? What is matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter makes up the materials around you. Everything is made up of matter. Light, sound, and energy are not matter because they do not have mass or takes up space. Active Reading #5 Visualize It! #6

What is mass? P7 Mass describes the amount of matter in an object. Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter P7 What is mass? Mass describes the amount of matter in an object. A gram (g) is a common measurement of mass. Objects of the same size can be made up of different amounts of matter. Weight is a measure of the gravitational force on an object. The greater the mass of an object, the greater the gravitational force on the object and the greater the weight will be.

How does mass differ from weight? Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter P7 How does mass differ from weight? You would weigh less on the moon because gravity on the moon 1/6 as strong as it is on Earth. Mass stays the same for an object even when increased or decreased gravitational forces change the weight of the object. 7) Weight is the downward pull of an object due to gravity. Because gravity on the moon is less than Earth, an astronaut weighs less on the moon. MASS STAYS THE SAME

How are mass and weight measured? Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter P8 How are mass and weight measured? Visualize It #8) Yes – this is a balance, so both sides need to balance. It would balance the same way on the moon or on Earth. MEASURES MASS A triple-beam balance can be used to determine mass. The balance compares an object’s mass to countermasses. Weight is measured with a spring scale. The standard scientific unit for weight is the newton (N). A 100-g mass weighs approximately 1 N on Earth.

P7-8 Mass Weight

Does not Change Mass (g) gram Based of G-Forces Weight Physical Property of Matter Based of G-Forces Triple Beam Balance Spring Scale Property of Matter Mass Weight (g) gram Changes Measurement Measure of Mass Amount of Matter Newton (N)

Measuring Mass – Triple-Beam Balance 1st – Place the object on the scale. 2nd – Slide the large weight (100g) to the right until the arm drops below the line. Move the rider back one groove. Make sure it “clicks” into place. 3rd – Repeat this process with the top weight (10g). When the arm moves below the line, back it up one groove. 4th – Slide the small weight (1g) on the front beam until the lines match up. 5th – Add the amounts on each beam to find the total mass to the nearest tenth of a gram.

(Blue) Spring Scale Newton (N) ---------0 --0.05 --0.10 --0.15 --0.20 ---------0.25 --0.30 --0.35 --0.4 --0.45 ----------0.50 --0.55 --0.60 --0.65 --0.70 -----------0.75 --0.80 --0.85 --0.90 --0.95 -----------1.00

Mass and Weight Quick Lab Mass vs Weight

Mass and Weight Quick Lab Mass vs Weight

Mass vs Weight 3) As mass increases, weight also increases. Mass and Weight Quick Lab Mass vs Weight 3) As mass increases, weight also increases. 4) The Spring inside the spring scale

Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter P9 Measuring Space How is the amount of space occupied by matter measured? Volume is the amount of space that an object takes up, or occupies. Two objects may have similar volumes do not always have the same mass. Active Reading #9) Volume measure the amount of space that an object takes up, or occupies

How can volume be determined? Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter P10 How can volume be determined? An object’s volume can be determined by a formula if the object has a well-defined shape. For rectangular (regular) solids: volume equals the object’s length times width times height V = lwh To calculate volume, all measurements must be in the same units.

Measuring Solid Volume We can measure the volume of regular object using the formula length x width x height. 10 cm 9 cm 8 cm V = l x w x h V = _____ X _____ X _____ V = 720 V = 720 cm3 9 cm 8 cm 10 cm

Do the Math (p11) Length = 30cm; Width = 40cm; height = 200cm Volume (you may draw a picture if it helps) V = l w h V = 30cm x 40cm x 200cm 240,000 cm3 The given units are centimeters (3 measurements l w h), and the measure found is volume. Therefore, the units should be cm3 What do you know? What do you want to find? Draw and label a sketch write the formula substitute the given values Solve (multiply) Check your units

Measuring Liquid Volume What is the volume of water in each cylinder? 37mL 52mL Images created at http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/primaryframework/downloads/SWF/measuring_cylinder.swf 22.5mL A B C Pay attention to the scales for each cylinder.

40 mL 35 mL How can volume be determined? P12 Volume of rock = Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter P12 How can volume be determined? Liquid volume and volume or an irregular solid is measured with a graduated cylinder in milliliters (mL). 1 mL (liquid) = 1 cm3 (solid) Displacement of water in a graduated cylinder can be used to find the volume of irregular-shaped solid objects. How many milliliters of fluid does this object displace? 35 mL 40 mL Volume of rock = 5 mL or 5 cm3

180 mL C 60 cm3

Packing It In! What is density? Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter P13 What is density? Density is a measure of the amount of mass in a given volume. D = m/V The density of a substance remains the same no matter how much of the substance you have.

How is density determined? Unit 1 Lesson 1 Introduction to Matter P13 How is density determined? Density is mass divided by volume, or D = m/V. Common units for expressing density are grams per cubic centimeter, or g/cm3. Solids = g/cm3 Liquids = g/mL Water has a density of 1 g/mL. Thus, objects with density greater than 1 g/mL sink in water. Objects with density less than 1 g/mL float in water.

Do the Math ( # 15 p14) Mass = 239.2g; Volume = 92 cm3 Density D = m/v D = 239.2g / 92cm3 2.6 g/cm3 The given units are grams per cubic centimeters and the measure found is density. Therefore the units should be g/cm3 What do you know? What do you want to find? write the formula substitute the given values Solve (divide) Check your units

Do the Math (# 16 p15) Volume = 9.5mL; Density = 2.6 g/cm3 mass m= Dv m = 9.5 mL x 2.6 g/cm3 24.7 g The given units are g/cm3 and mL, and the measure found is mass. Therefore, the units should be g What do you know? What do you want to find? write the formula substitute the given values Solve (divide) Check your units

How to find Density of an REGULAR solid: Flow Map

How to find Density of an IRREGULAR solid: Flow Map

Visual Summary False False True True P16 An objects' weight is the amount of space it occupies. The mass of an object is equal to its weight. The volume of a solid can be expressed in units of cm3. An object that floats in water is less dense than water. False False True True First you find mass of the object Then you find the volume of the object by water displacement for something that is irregularly shaped. For a regular shape object multiply lwh Density is a calculation dividing mass by volume