CLONING Melissa, Satesh, Marlon

CLONING Cloning is a cell, cell product, or organism that is genetically identical to the unit or individual from which it was derived.

HISTORY 1984-Steen Willadsen makes a lamb from sheep embryo cells. -First mammal, a sheep, is cloned by a nuclear transfer. 1986-Randy Prather and Willard Eyestone clone a cow embryonic cells. 1995-Keith Campbell and Ian Wilmut create the first cloned sheep named Megan Morag. 1996-Campbell and Wilmut clone a sheep and the name her dolly. 1997-ABS global cloned their first bull and named him gene. -University of Hawaii Medical School clones a mouse. -President Clinton bands human cloning for five years. 1998-Ishikawa Prefectural Livestock Research Center clones first cow. 1999-Texas A&M University tries to clone a dog names missy. 2001-Advanced Cell Technology clones a gaur, it’s the first endangered species cloned but dies from an infection two day later.

BENEFITS OF CLONING Cloning can be used for medical reasons Reviving dead animals or endangered animals Bringing a dead pet back to life Help couples have children.

Negative aspects of Cloning Scientist might abuse the privilege The copy of the original subject might inherit a disease. Cloning is very inefficient and extremely expensive. Humans have never been cloned before so scientist don’t know the outcome on mental and emotional development. The infection rates on the cloned animals are high so they don’t have good immune systems. its considered unethical to clone humans.

Current use of cloning Therapeutic cloning has the most promise of medical advancement. This process takes place when persons DNA is used to grow a clone and its cells are used to grow stem cells. Now the stem cells are used to for the basis for the human repair kits. The can grow replacement organs like the brain.

Future of Cloning An average cow can produce about 15,000 gallons of milk a year. But special cows can make 45,000 gallons a year. Scientist can clone these cows but its immensely hard because that gene is very complex. If scientist are able to selectively breed the trait the farming industry can increase. Scientist can clone humans but that is highly unlikely and its probably never going to happen. But it can be possible that they create children for couples who are not able to produce an offspring. Cloning certain organs for transplants is also a possibility. If scientist could find a way to clone an organ and make a failing organ, they can grow those cells into a working adult organ, Instead of having a patient die because they had no organ donor. Cloning can also help cure diseases by having scientist reprogram cells. For example, if someone had Parkinson's disease then cloning can like reprogram the cells into neutrons to replace the other ones. Animals can be cloned for research. Genetically standardized animals can reduce the possibilities of accidents in an experiment.

Ethical issues There is a lot of questioning that goes into cloning. Like whether or not they get the same rights and legal protection as non-cloned people. If deformed offspring will be acceptable. How the clone be defined or choosing the proper identification for the clone. If humans create babies instead of making them if it seems like were “playing God.” Who would be the parent of the clone.

Cost of Cloning The cost to clone a person: $1.7 Million

Our opinion I think that there is nothings wrong with cloning, it just depends on what your cloning. For example, if someone is cloning an organ to give to someone I have no problem. But if scientist are cloning to create children for couples who can’t have children then I don’t approve because that’s what adoption is for.

Bibliography The University Of Utah http://learn.genetihttp://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/tech/clon ing/whyclone/cs.utah.edu/content/tech/cloning/whyclone/ Methods Of Healing http://www.methodsofhealing.com/10-facts-on-the-risks-of-cloning/ How Stuff Works http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/life/genetic/human-cloning2.htm Unknown http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/lifescience/physicalanthropology/hereditybeyond/ ManipulatingDNA/Cloning/FutureCloning/FutureCloning.html Oracle http://library.thinkquest.org/24355/data/reactions/future.html Action Bioscience http://www.actionbioscience.org/biotech/mcgee.html http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/tech/cloning/clissues/ BNET http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_2001_July_11/ai_76459945/ Christian Life Resources http://www.christianliferesources.com/?library/view.php&articleid=1108 The Why Files http://whyfiles.org/148clone_clash/images/clone_big_chart.gif Blogger http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_dy6XOZjRmSk/SPVcxTaL7iI/AAAAAAAABQQ/g1hFcQlkpss/s400/cloning.jpg