Swine (Pig) Production Original Power Point Created by Randal Cales Modified by Georgia Agricultural Education Curriculum Office June 2002

Swine (Pig) Production Main Purpose – to produce pork for Human consumption

Swine (Pig) Production Terms for Understanding Castration – the removal of testicals from the male swine for the purpose of improving feed conversion, disposition and meat quality

Swine (Pig) Production Terms for Understanding Boar– A male pig not castrated that is used for breeding purposes Barrow- A male pig that IS castrated that is entirely meant for pork production

Swine (Pig) Production Terms for Understanding Sow– A female pig that has already produces a litter of baby pigs Gilt- A female pig that has NOT produces a litter of baby pigs

Breeds Of Swine

Duroc Origin-New York/New Jersey Ears- Droopy Color- Cherry Red Misc.-Large Frame, Fast gainers, good mothers, Popular breed

Hampshire Origin-Kentucky Ears-Erect Color-Black with a White Belt Misc.-The “Meat Breed” Excellent Carcass

Berkshire Origin-England Ears-Erect Color-Black with 6 White Points Misc.-Short Snout, Meat type hog

Poland China Origin-Ohio Ears-Droopy Color- Black w/6White points Misc.-Long body thick hams

Spots (Spotted Poland China) Origin-Ohio Ears-Droopy Color-no less than 20% or more than 80% White Misc.-Good mothers, fast gainers

Chester White Origin-Pennsylvania Ears-Droopy Color-White with blue freckles Misc.-good mothers, large frame

Yorkshire Origin-England Ears-Erect Color- White Misc.-The Mother Breed, Largest Litters

Landrace Origin-Denmark Ears-Droopy Color-White Misc.-Extremely Long Body

Tamworth Origin- ? Ears-Erect Color-Red Misc.-Not Very good

Swine Reproduction

Boar Sow Reproduction Produces sperm Fertilizes the egg Produces the egg Carries the litters

Estrus Swine Reproduction The period of time a sow is receptive to the male for breeding purposes Comes every 21 days Last for 3 days Ovulation (egg production) occurs

Fertilization Swine Reproduction The period of time in which the sperm actually unites with the eggs Multi-fertilization which causes multi-pig litters

Gestation Swine Reproduction The time between fertilization and giving birth (parturition) 114 Day or 3 months, 3 weeks, and 3 days

Farrowing a sow Swine Reproduction The components of controlled delivery Put sow in crate 1-5 Days before due date Exercise Daily Feed 6 lbs daily Once babies are born add one pound per pig to ration

Farrowing Baby Pig Care - first 2 weeks Swine Reproduction Farrowing Baby Pig Care - first 2 weeks Have feed out from day 1 Give iron shot ¼ cc Clip Teeth Castrate Ear notch

Ear Notching Swine Reproduction Universal Swine Identification system Tags will come off in the feed pen

Swine Reproduction Ear Notching

Swine Reproduction Ear Notching

Swine Reproduction Ear Notching Quiz

Ear Notching Swine Reproduction The right (litter) ear is equal to 9+3+3+1=16 The left (pig) ear is equal to 3 This is the 16-3 pig.

Swine for pork Feeds & Feeding 50 to 70 % of total production cost Use a good commercial brand name feed In General an animal will eat 3% of its body weight Protein is the Key feed element

Protein % for Swine Feeds & Feeding 18%- 0-5 weeks 16% - 5 weeks to 75 lbs 14%- 75lbs to 125lbs - 12%- 125 to the market weight of 250 pounds

The End