Bridget House ESS 315/POE 313 1/27/17

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Presentation transcript:

Bridget House ESS 315/POE 313 1/27/17 Mount Pinatubo Bridget House ESS 315/POE 313 1/27/17

Location: Subduction Zone Volcanism

Pre-Eruption of 1991 Began with small earthquakes Northeast-Southwest fissure opened Pre-eruptions of lower scale June 12th-14th Phreatic eruptions dispelled old hydrothermally altered rock Degassed Andesite erupted as lava dome Followed by increase in shallow, low frequency Earthquakes Real eruption June 15th

Eruption Continued VEI= 6 10 km^3 of volume erupted Majority of the Summit of volcano was removed Pyroclastic material dispersed over the landscape Dispelled a very large SO^2 cloud of 17 MT Largest release of SO^2 on record Lowered global temperature by 0.5 degrees Celsius for 2 years Warnings started April 5th, increased urgency of warnings June 5th-9th Evacuated 85,000 peopled before eruption

Pyroclastic Flow

Lahar Effects Approximately 400 deaths and 200,000 semi-permanently displaced from homes Long-term disruption of transportation and agriculture Lahars kept coming long after the eruption, as late as 1994 Lahars reached as far as 35 km from the summit of the volcano Over 200 meters of erosion in the Marella Valley 60% of the pyroclastic material deposited on the slopes of the volcano in 1991 eruption were taken by lahar flows by 2001

Lost and Saved: Success Story The 400 lives lost were mainly due to roof collapse 500 more people died in the evacuation camps due to measles Hundreds of millions of dollars lost in local damage $100 million lost in commercial aircraft damage Saved 10,000-20,000 lives Saved $2 billion dollars

References "The Cataclysmic 1991 Eruption of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines, Fact Sheet 113-97." The Cataclysmic 1991 Eruption of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines, Fact Sheet 113-97. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2017. <https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/fs113-97/>. "Mount Pinatubo." Mount Pinatubo. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2017. <http://mountpinatubo.net/>. "Lahars of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines, Fact Sheet 114-97." Lahars of Mount Pinatubo, Philippines, Fact Sheet 114-97. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2017. <https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/1997/fs114-97/>. "1991 Mt Pinatubo, Phillipines, Volcano by Hannah." Platetectonicproject [licensed for non- commercial use only] / 1991 Mt Pinatubo, Phillipines, Volcano by Hannah. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2017. <http://historicmajortectonicactivityproject.pbworks.com/w/page/71318835/1991%20Mt%20Pinatu bo,%20Phillipines,%20Volcano%20by%20Hannah>.