1. DANGEROUS VOLCANOES IN THE WORLD A RE-ERUPTION OF 11 OF THE 1,500 ACTIVE VOLCANOES IS LIKELY TO BE VERY DEVASTATING, LOCALLY, REGIONALLY, AND GLOBALLY Dr. Walter Hays, Global Alliance For Disaster Reduction

2. GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION OF 1,500 ACTIVE VOLCANOES

3. 11 VOLCANOES THE WORLD HOPES WILL NOT ERUPT AGAIN Eyjafjallajökull and Katla (ICELAND) Chaiten Krakatau Merapi Vesuvius Pinatubo Mount Rainier Nevada del Ruiz Popocatepl Nyirangongo (CONGO)

4. WHAT MAKES A VOLCANO ESPECIALLY DANGEROUS Location and a large explosivity index (VEI) combine to make some volcanoes especially dangerous.

5. LOCATION NEAR CITIES MAKES SOME VOLCANOES VERY DANGEROUS An eruption at some locations is certain to be devastating to people, their property, their health, the community infra- structure, the environment, and the economy.

6. The Eyjafjallajökull and Katla Volcanoes: Southern Iceland

7. EUROPEAN AIR TRAFFIC DISRUPTED: APRIL 15, 2010

8. The 800-meter fissure caused by the first eruption, which grew to 1.2 km in the second eruption, could be heading towards the Myrdalsjokall glacier, which sits atop the powerful Katla volcano

9. An eruption of the Katla volcano, located under the massive Myrdalsjokull icecap, could cause disastrous local flooding, explosive blasts, and eruption clouds that would disrupt air traffic between Europe and the USA.

10. VOLCANO CHAITEN ERUPTS: CHILE: MAY 3, 2008

11. CHAITEN ERUPTED AFTER 8,000- 10,000 YEAR DORMANCY THE 1,200 M (3,550 FT) VOLCANO SENT ASH HIGH INTO THE SKY. “VOLCANIC EARTHQUAKES WERE TRIGGERED IN THE AREA. 1,500 RESIDENTS EVACUATED, MOSTLY BY BOAT

12. Krakatau 26-27 August, 1883 The big one! http://www.geology.sdsu.edu/how_volcanoes_work/Krakatau.html

13. The 1883 Krakatoa Eruption ! Anak Krakatoa—Son of Krakatoa

14. MOUNT MERAPI: INDONESIA

15. INDONESIA’S MOUNT MERAPI ERUPTED IN MAY & JUNE, 2006 Mount Merapi emitted lava, debris, and a pyroclastic flow on May 15, but this one was not devastating.

16. EXPLOSIVENESS OF JUNE 8 ERUPTION SENT 15,000 FLEEING

17. MOUNT VESUVIUS: ITALY; A THREAT TO NAPLES

18. Mount Somma-Vesuvius Location: Bay Naples, east of the city of Naples, Italy Last eruption: March, 1944

19. MOUNT FUJI: JAPAN; A THREAT TO TOKYO

20. MT. PINATUBO: THE PHILIPPINES; JUNE 15, 1991

21. Pinatubo was the second largest eruption of the 20 th century and the largest to impact a densely populated area.

22. MOUNT RAINIER: THREAT TO WASHINGTON (USA)

23. MOUNT RAINIER: LAHAR SIMULATION

26. NEVADA DEL RUIZ: COLOMBIA; A 1988 DISASTER

27. The lahar generated by the eruption of Nevada del Ruiz buried 25,000 people in the city of Armero as they slept.

28. POPOCATEPL: MEXICO; A THREAT TO MEXICO CITY

29. Africa's most active volcano.

30. NYIRANGONGO: DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO; A THREAT TO GOMA

31. ERUPTION OF NYIRANGONGO: JANUARY 2, 2010

32. WARNING: Don’t forget that the other 1490 active volcanoes can erupt anytime, also.