Britain Beginnings and Anglo Saxons

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Presentation transcript:

Britain Beginnings and Anglo Saxons English IV

Legacies from Britain: Common Law – emphasizing personal rights and freedom Parliamentary Government English Literature English Language

British Invasions: Iberians Celts Romans Angles and Saxons Vikings Normans Each introduced culture, language, foods, traditions, religion, etc.

Celtic Religion: Group called Brythons (or Britons) Animism (Latin for “spirit”) Saw spirits everywhere – rivers, trees, stones, ponds, fire, thunder, etc. Spirits controlled all aspects of existence and had to be constantly satisfied

Celtic Religion Priests called Druids acted as intermediaries between the gods and the people Sometimes ritual dances or human sacrifices were called for You may recognize…..

The Romans Provided armies and organization to prevent further serious invasions for several hundred years Built a network of roads and defensive road 73 miles long Christianity takes over thanks to European missionaries Celtic religion (animism) fades

but no central government…… Trouble at home, Romans leave roads, walls, villas, public baths but no central government……

How Did English Evolve? http://www.wimp.com/englishevolve/

Anglo-Saxons Take Over 400AD New name: Engla land (England) Most Celts retreat to Wales, leader called Arthur England becomes more politically unified Re-emergence of Christianity provided: - common faith - common system of morality - right conduct

Sutton Hoo Treasure Ship grave with vast treasure (buried with great king or warrior) Sword, purse, coins, helmet, buckle, harp, etc. Teaches us about the Anglo-Saxon way of life:

Anglo-Saxon Way of Life: - warfare was the order of the day - law and order were responsibility of the leader (family, clan, tribe, kingdom) - fame and success came from loyalty to the leader - success measured in gifts from the leader - loyal dependency between leader and followers

Anglo-Saxon Religion From Norse or Scandanavian mythology More concerned with ethics (bravery, loyalty, generosity, friendship) Odin / Woden (god of death, poetry, magic) - Woden’s Day = Wednesday Thunor / Thor (god of thunder and lightning) - Thor’s Day = Thursday Dragon (protector of treasure)

Mead-Halls Communal halls Served as shelter, meeting place for council, place for storytellers and audience Bards (storytellers) had a rich supply of heroic stories they would sing All told and passed down by word-of-mouth Held in esteem tantamount to warriors

Christian Monasteries Served as centers of learning Preserved Greek and Latin classics as well as popular literature (like Beowulf!) King Alfred pushed English to be a respected language (which is why we use it today)